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作者	单位
李春艳，付凯勇，张润琪，徐芳芳，史晓艳，朱永琪，覃安祥，李诚	（石河子大学农学院/新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室，新疆石河子 832000）

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中文摘要:

为探讨灌浆期高温对小麦籽粒中淀粉粒发育的影响，选用新疆主栽的冬小麦品种新冬20号和新冬23号为试验材料，在籽粒灌浆期设2个昼夜温度水平（24/17 ℃，37/28 ℃），研究高温对小麦籽粒发育、淀粉粒表观特性、淀粉合成关键酶活性以及淀粉降解酶活性的影响。结果表明，花后灌浆期高温胁迫使两个参试小麦品种籽粒灌浆进程缩短、籽粒瘦瘪，粒重明显下降。高温胁迫影响了A-和B-型淀粉粒的发育进程，从花后14 d开始淀粉粒表面出现孔洞，成熟期B-型淀粉粒数量明显减少。两个参试小麦品种籽粒中淀粉合成关键酶活性对高温的耐受性不同，新冬23号受影响较大。高温处理下两个小麦品种的AGPase和SSS酶活性峰值出现时间提前,SS酶活性明显降低；灌浆后期籽粒α-淀粉酶活性明显增强。花后高温胁迫打破了小麦籽粒灌浆过程中淀粉合成酶和降解酶之间的平衡，α-淀粉酶活性增强导致淀粉粒表面出现孔洞，最终影响淀粉的品质。

英文摘要:

In order to know the efect of high temperature during grain filling on the starch granules of winter wheat in Xinjiang,two winter wheat varieties,Xindong 20 and Xindong 23,were used to explore the effect of high temperature on starch granule development. The results showed that the grain filling period was shortened and the grain weight of two wheat varieties was significantly decreased at high temperature. The high temperature induced the enhancement of pits on the starch granule surface and decreased of B-type granules. Changes of key enzyme activity related to starch synthesis induced by high temperature were different with wheat variety. Enzymes of Xindong 23 were more susceptive to high temperature than that of Xindong 20.The peak activity of AGPase and SSS was generally ahead and the activities of SS was significantly decreased in grain at high temperature comparing with that in CK. Under high temperature condition,the activities of α-Amylase were significantly increased at late grain filling stage. Based on the above,the high temperature may break the balance of activities between the starch synthase degradation enzymes. The enhancement of α-Amylase activity in grains may lead to the pits on starch granule surface,which may have the negative effect on starch quality.

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