| Taking high-yielding winter wheat cultivar Jimai 22 as material,a field experiment was conducted in 2013-2014 wheat growing season to study the effects of supplemental irrigation in overwintering period based on measuring soil water content on wheat photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield and water use efficiency. According to the water content of 0~40 cm soil layers,five treatments were conducted,i. e. ,zero-irrigation in growth stages,zero-irrigation at overwintering stage,target soil relative water content at 70% at overwintering stage,target soil relative water content at 75% at wintering stage,60 mm irrigation at overwintering,jointing and anthesis stages,designated as W0,W1,W2,W3 and W4.In W1,W2 and W3 treatments,the target soil relative water content of the four treatments at jointing and anthesis stages were 65% and 70%,respectively. The total irrigation water during the whole growth stage of wheat followed the order of W4＞W3＞W2＞W1＞W0. The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr)and stomatal conductance (Gs) of flag leaf followed the order of W4＞W2 or W3＞W1＞W0 at middle filling stages. The dry matter accumulation of different growth stage followed the order of W4＞W2＞W3＞W1＞W0 at jointing,anthesis and maturity stages,and the allocation of accumulated dry matter after anthesis to grain were the highest. The grain yield was in the order of W4＞W2 or W3＞W1＞W0,and the water use efficiency followed the order of W2＞W1 or W3＞W4＞W0. The grain yield and water use efficiency of W2 were 8 864. 46 kg·hm-2 and 22.14 kg·hm-2·mm-1,respectively,with target soil relative water content at 70% in the 0~40 cm soil layers at wintering stage. The W2 treatment showed significantly lower irrigation water supplement than W3 and W4 treatments,but showed higher grain yield and water use efficiency. Thus,it was a better treatment of high yield and high efficiency under water shortage condition. |
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