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为探讨硫化氢（H₂S）作为潜在的新型氮肥增效剂的可能性，通过水培实验，以扬麦16为材料，以NaHS为H₂S供体（浓度0.01 mmol·L^-1），研究了外源低浓度H₂S对低氮（2.5 mmol·L^-1）、中氮（7.5）和高氮（15 mmol·L^-1）条件下小麦幼苗光合作用、硝态氮吸收和同化的影响。结果表明，外源低浓度H₂S促进了小麦幼苗的光合作用及对硝态氮的吸收，使低氮条件下植株干物质重增加15.5％，显著提高叶片可溶性蛋白、总氮及叶绿素含量。外源H₂S处理后，低氮和中氮水平下叶片硝酸还原酶（NR）、谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）以及谷氨酸脱氢酶（GDH）活性有所增加，尤其是在低氮水平下增加显著，但在高氮水平下NR与GS活性分别下降22％和13％，GDH活性与对照无明显差异。以上结果说明外源低浓度H₂S可提高小麦幼苗对低氮的适应性，促进其生长及对氮素吸收与同化。

英文摘要:

The effects of low concentration of H₂S, produced by NaHS, on the photosynthesis and the absorption and assimilation of nitrate nitrogen in wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum cv Yangmai 16) was studied under low-nitrogen (2 mmol·L^-1)，medium-nitrogen (7.5 mmol·L^-1) and high-nitrogen (15 mmol·L^-1) culture conditions. The results showed that low concentration of H₂S could promote the photosynthesis and assimilation of nitrate nitrogen in wheat seedling, and the biomass of wheat seedlings under low-nitrogen was increased by 15,5%, as the content of soluble proteins, total nitrogen and chlorophylls in leaves were all up-regulated significantly. After treated by low concentrations of H₂S，the enzyme activities of NR (nitrate reductase)，GS (glutamine synthetase) and GDH (glutamate dehydrogenase) were increased under medium-nitrogen and low-nitrogen conditions, especially which were significantly increased under low-nitrogen condition. While under high-nitrogen condition, the activities of NR and GS were reduced by 22% and 13%, compared to the control, respectively, and there was no difference in the activity of NADH-GDH. Above results indicated that low concentration of H₂S could promote photosynthesis and assimilation of nitrate nitrogen under low- nitrogen condition in wheat.

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