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作者	单位
吴绪金，李萌，张军锋，汪红，王铁良，李通	（河南省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所，河南省粮食质量安全与检测重点实验室，农业部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(郑州)，河南郑州 450002）

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中文摘要:

为对噻虫嗪在小麦生产上应用的安全性进行评价，通过对小麦籽粒、植株和土壤进行前处理及在样品中添加噻虫嗪，建立其残留量定量检测分析方法；通过两年三地的残留试验，分析了小麦籽粒、植株和土壤中噻虫嗪的残留及消解动态，并对小麦籽粒中的残留量进行风险评估。结果表明，噻虫嗪在小麦籽粒、植株及土壤空白添加平均回收率为79.62%～94.70%，相对标准偏差为0.91%～6.56%，其最小检出量为5.0×10^-8g，小麦籽粒、植株及土壤中的最低检测浓度均为0.01 mg·kg^-1。该检测方法重现性好，准确度、精密度高，可满足噻虫嗪在小麦及土壤中的残留分析要求。2011和2012年，河南、黑龙江和江苏三地噻虫嗪在小麦植株和土壤中的消解半衰期分别为0.85～2.24 d和2.77～4.79 d；通过不同施药次数、施药量及间隔采样检测，噻虫嗪在小麦籽粒中的最终残留量均≤0.038 mg·kg^-1，占日允许摄入量的15.04%左右（普通人群噻虫嗪的国家估算每日摄入量是0.25 mg），因此按本试验方式进行施药，通常不会对一般人群健康产生不可接受的风险。

英文摘要:

To assess the safety of thiamethoxam in wheat and soil, and provide an important scientific basis for the rational use of the pesticides in the wheat, the issipation dynamics and residues of thiamethoxam in wheat grains, wheat plant and soil was investigated under field conditions. The thiamethoxam was determined by HPLC UVD, and risk assessment was conducted by dietary intake of thiamethoxam residue in Wheat. The results showed, fortified recoveries of thiamethoxam in wheat grains, wheat plant and soil at 0.01～1.0 mg·kg^-1 were 79.62%～94.70%, with the relative standard deviation of 0.91%～6.56%, the limit of detection of the analytical method was 5.0×10^-8g at a signal to noise ratio of 3, and the limit of quantification were 0.01 mg·kg^-1 in wheat grains, wheat plant and soil. The residue analysis method was sensitive and simple, and could met the demands of pesticide residue analysis. Residue analysis and dissipation of thiamethoxam investigated in the field trials in Henan, Heilongjiang and Jiangsu Province in the years of 2011 and 2012 indicated that, the half lives of thiamethoxam in wheat plant and soil was 0.85～2.24 d and 2.77～4.79 d, respectively; The final residues of thiamethoxam in wheat grains were all ≤0.038 mg·kg^-1 in different dosage level, pre harvest interval and application frequency. The estimated daily intake of thiamethoxam for general population was 0.25 mg, accounting for about 15.04% of the acceptable daily intake(ADI), spraying thiamethoxam using this method should not produce an unacceptable risk to the health of general population. This work would be helpful in establishing the maximum residue limit (MRL) for thiamethoxam in wheat in China, and provide guidance to the proper and safe use of this pesticide in agriculture.

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