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作者	单位
杨漫宇，符书兰，陈晓明，张怀琼，唐宗祥，任正隆	(1.四川农业大学作物遗传育种省级重点实验室，四川成都 611130； 2.西南科技大学，四川绵阳 621010）

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中文摘要:

为研究快中子辐照对新合成的小麦-黑麦双二倍体染色体结构变化的影响，分别利用5 Gy、15 Gy和20 Gy三种快中子辐照剂量对其种子进行辐射诱变，采用基因组原位杂交（GISH）技术对M₀和M₁种子的根尖细胞进行了检测。结果表明，三种剂量下发生小麦-黑麦染色体易位的总频率为12.28%，其中发生外源小片段易位、外源大片段易位和罗伯逊易位的频率分别为9.36%，5.85%和2.34%。三种剂量都可引起小麦与黑麦染色体之间发生易位，分别有1.28%、9.04%和44.94%的M₁种子产生了易位。说明随着快中子辐照剂量的增加，小麦与黑麦染色体间发生易位的频率也在增高。本研究为外源染色体片段（或优异基因）导入小麦品种提供了一种高效的技术手段。

英文摘要:

To study the effects of fast neutron irradiation on the structural changes of chromosomes in newly synthesized wheat-rye amphiploids, the seeds were irradiated by three dosages of fast neutron including 5 Gy, 15 Gy and 20 Gy. GISH analysis was used to detect the M₀ and M₁ seeds of the irradiated wheat-rye amphiploids. The results showed that the total frequency of chromosomal translocation induced by the three dosages of fast neutron was 12.28%, in which the frequencies of small segment translocation, large segment translocation and whole arm translocation were 9.36%，5.58% and 2.34%, respectively. The frequencies of translocation between wheat and rye chromosomes induced by the three dosages in M₁ seeds were 1.28%, 9.04% and 44.94%, respectively. These results indicated that the frequency of translocation between wheat and rye increased with the dosage increase of fast neutron irradiation. The study provides efficient technical means for the introgression of alien chromosome segments (or the excellent genes) into cultivars.

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