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作者	单位
张杰，王备战，冯晓，李国强，赵巧丽，胡峰，郑国清	（1.河南省农业科学研究院农业经济与信息研究所，河南郑州 450008； 2.山西农业大学农学院，山西太谷 030801）

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中文摘要:

为了探讨河南省安阳地区冬小麦合理高效的氮肥调控模式，2008-2010年通过田间试验，比较分析了不同基追比（10∶0和6∶4）和施氮水平（100、200和300 kg·hm^-2）下冬小麦干物质量、产量和氮肥利用效率的差异。结果表明，增施氮肥显著促进了冬小麦的干物质积累和籽粒产量的形成，在基追比10∶0下，氮肥农学效率(NE)随着施氮量的增加呈降低趋势。在相同追施比例下，干物质量、籽粒产量、氮素生理利用效率(PNUE)和氮素利用效率(NUE)以施氮200 kg·hm^-2时最高。在施氮100 kg·hm^-2时，提高氮肥基施比例更有利于增加干物质量、产量和氮肥利用效率；伴随施氮量的增加，提高追肥比例能有效增加干物质量、籽粒产量、NE、PNUE和NUE。本试验中，在施氮200 kg·hm^-2、基追比为6∶4条件下，冬小麦的干物质积累、产量及氮素利用效率表现最佳。

英文摘要:

In order to find out the efficient nitrogen management of wheat production for high yield and good quality in the Anyang region, the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer managements on the accumulation of dry matter, yield and N utilization of winter wheat were studied under field experiment. The results showed that nitrogen supply could significantly promote the accumulation of dry matter and yield in winter wheat. With increasing of nitrogen rate, N fertilizer utilization efficiency was decreasing when the ratio of base fertilizer to topdressing of 10∶0. In the same proportion, comparison among different N treatments showed that dry matter accumulation, yield and PNUE and NUE were the highest when nitrogen rate was 200 kg·hm^-2, and then decreased with increasing of nitrogen rate. In the same nitrogen fertilizer rate, analysis showed that under the proportion of different fertilizer, increasing the base nitrogen could improve dry matter accumulation and yield and NUE when nitrogen rate was 100 kg·hm^-2. While with increasing total nitrogen amount, increasing the dressing nitrogen could improve dry matter accumulation and yield and NUE, and the treatment of 200 kg·hm^-2 was better than the treatment of 300 kg·hm^-2. Therefore, Nitrogen fertilizer treatment of 200 kg·hm^-2 at the base and dressing ratio of 6:4 was beneficial to improve the dry matter, yield and N utilization efficiency of winter wheat.

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