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作者	单位
杨永乾，李小军，宋杰，孙玉，茹振钢	（1.河南科技学院，河南省高校作物分子育种重点开放实验室，河南新乡 453003； 2.山西省农业科学院作物所，山西太原 030006）

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中文摘要:

为了从小麦中间偃麦草衍生后代中获得具有优良性状的新种质，利用细胞学和分子标记技术对中间偃麦草衍生系中233进行鉴定。结果表明，中233的根尖细胞染色体数为2n=42，花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ的染色体通常配成21个二价体。以中间偃麦草基因组DNA为探针、中国春基因组DNA为封阻进行基因组原位杂交（GISH）分析发现，中233含有2条中间偃麦草染色体和40条小麦染色体，在减数分裂中期I，两条中间偃麦草染色体可以正常配对。利用D基因组特异探针pAs1进行荧光原位杂交（FISH）分析发现，中233缺少了一对小麦的2D染色体。分子标记鉴定进一步表明，中233的1对小麦2D染色体被中间偃麦草染色体所代换。说明中233是一个细胞学稳定的小麦中间偃麦草二体代换系，初步推断其可能携带有中间偃麦草的优异基因。

英文摘要:

In order to obtain new wheat germplasm with excellent characters from Thinopyrum intermedium, a wheat Thinopyrum intermedium alien substitution line Zhong 233 were identified using cytological and molecular marker analysis. The results indicated the chromosome number in root tip cells of Zhong 233 was 42 that usually paired as 21 II at the metaphase I of meiosis. Genomic in situ hybridization in the root tips and pollen mother cells with the genome of Thinopyrum intermedium DNA as a probe and Chinese spring DNA as a block showed that Zhong 233 contained a pair of chromosomes of Thinopyrum intermedium and 40 chromosomes of wheat. FISH result using pAs1 probe indicated that a pair of 2D chromosomes of wheat were absent in Zhong 233. Molecular marker analysis showed that the SSR patterns of three markers, Xgwm261, Xgwm296 and Xcfd53 on chromosome 2D was present in the wheat parent Laogaidaqingmang but was absent in Th. intermedium and Zhong 233. A specific band of Th. intermedium was amplified with marker Xcfd116 in Zhong 233. Those results indicated that the 2D chromosomes of Zhong 233 were substituted by a pair of Th. intermedium chromosomes, and Zhong 233 was a stable disomic substitution line. Zhong 233 might have certain excellent genes from Th. intermedium.

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