| In order to know the requirement for water and fertilizer of winter wheat, and to provide the scientific basis of standardized cultivation of high yield and high efficiency, under field conditions with a split plot experiment of three levels of water treatment (W1,rainfeed;W2,60% of soil water capacity; W3,80% of soil water capacity) and three levels of nitrogen treatment (N1,no nitrogen; N2,150 kg·hm-2；N3，300 kg·hm-2), using wheat cultivar Xinong 979 as the test material, the effects of water and nitrogen coupling on the changes of chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of flag leaf after anthesis were studied, and then the nitrogen accumulation and distribution from vegetative organs to grain after anthesis, water and nitrogen use efficiency, yield and its' components of winter wheat were measured. The results showed that high chlorophyll content and high photosynthetic rate was obtained under the treatement of W2N2 and W2N3; under the same irrigation amount, the total nitrogen amount per stem increased with the increase of nitrogen supply; and under the same N application, the nitrogen accumulation in grains of treatment W2 was significantly higher than that of W1 and W3; the nitrogen accumulation in grains of W2N2 and W2N3 treatments were significantly higher than that of other treatments, the amount and efficiency of nitrogen translocation of treatment W2N2 was the highest, the nitrogen accumulation a mount of vegetative organs at anthesis and nitrogen contribution proportion of treatment W2N3 was the highest. Under the same irrigation amount, with the increase of irrigation amount, the grain yield increased at first, thereafter reduced; and under the same N application, the yield increased with the increase of nitrogen supply, the grain yield of W2N2 and W2N3 treatments were significantly higher than that of other treatments, the nitrogen application efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency of treatment W2N2 were significantly higher than that of other treatments. In conclusion, under this experimental conditions, treatment W2N2 may be the best combination for irrigation and nitrogen application practices. |
基本信息
