| 王晓英，贺明荣.追氮时期和基追比例对强筋小麦产量和品质的调控效应[J].麦类作物学报,2013,33(4):711 |
| 追氮时期和基追比例对强筋小麦产量和品质的调控效应 |
| Regulatory Effect of Topdressing Stage and Ratio of Base and Topdressing of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Grain Yield and Quality of Strong Gluten Winter Wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2013.04.015 |
| 中文关键词: 追氮时期 基追比 强筋小麦 产量 品质 |
| 英文关键词:Nitrogen fertilizer topdressing stage Ratio of base and topdressing Strong gluten winter wheat Yield Quality |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2011BAD16B09）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为给小麦高产优质栽培中氮肥合理运筹提供依据，以济麦20号为材料，在施氮量为240 kg·hm-2下，研究追氮时期（起身、拔节、孕穗、开花）和基追比例（1∶1、3∶7和3∶17）对强筋冬小麦产量和品质的调控效应。结果表明，起身期和拔节期追氮处理间产量差异不显著，但二者显著高于孕穗期和开花期追氮处理。起身和拔节期增加追氮比例可提高产量，孕穗和开花期增加追氮比例则使产量降低。在起身和拔节期追氮时，籽粒蛋白质、醇溶蛋白和清、球蛋白含量随追氮比例增加均呈下降趋势；在孕穗和开花期追氮时，籽粒蛋白质、醇溶蛋白和清、球蛋白随追氮比例增加呈上升趋势。在各时期增加追氮比例均可提高谷蛋白、HMW GS、LMW GS含量和面团稳定时间。在一定的基追比条件下，拔节期追氮处理的谷蛋白、HMW GS、LMW GS含量和面团稳定时间均高于起身期追氮处理，追氮时期自拔节期后移至孕穗和开花期时谷蛋白、HMW GS、LMW GS含量和面团稳定时间均不同程度降低。本试验条件下，综合考虑产量和品质，强筋小麦济麦20号以基肥∶拔节肥比例为3∶17为最佳氮肥运筹方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to improve nitrogen management for higher yield and quality of wheat, at N fertilizer application amount of 240 kg N ·hm-2, the effects of topdressing stage and ratio of base and topdressing of nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield and quality of Jimai 20 (a winter wheat cultivar with strong gluten) were studied. Grain yield had no significant difference between topdressing N fertilizer at rising and jointing. The grain yield of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer at flagging and anthesis was significantly lower than that at rising and jointing. Grain yield was increased by increasing topdressing nitrogen fertilizer rate at rising and jointing, but grain yield was decreased by increasing topdressing nitrogen fertilizer rate at flagging and anthesis. The content of grain protein, albumin, globulin and gliadin of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer at rising and jointing were decreased by increasing the rate of topdressing nitrogen, but these of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer at flagging and anthesis were increased by increasing the rate of topdressing nitrogen. At the different topdressing nitrogen fertilizer stage, the glutenin, LMW GS, HMW GS content and dough stability time were increased by increasing the rate of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer. The glutenin, LMW GS, HMW GS content and dough stability time of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer at rising, flagging were lower than that of topdressing at jointing, and that of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer at flagging was significantly higher than that of topdressing at anthesis. The results indicated that grain yield and quality were increased by increasing topdressing nitrogen fertilizer rate to 85% at jointing. |
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