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作者	单位
薛丽华，王志敏，张英华	(1.中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京　100193； 2.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所，新疆乌鲁木齐 830091)

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中文摘要:

为探明冬小麦幼苗期初生根形态的差异，采用室内发芽试验比较31个冬小麦品种（系）的初生根数、根粗、根长的动态变化。结果表明，从种子中伸出的初生根数在发芽后6 d确定。初生根数在不同品种（系）间有很大差异，最多为6.2条·株^-1，最少为3.6条·株^-1；发芽后初生根基部根粗因熟化相对变细，不同品种（系）间根粗差异明显，根基部直径最大为0.33 mm、最小为0.19 mm；初生根总长度差异明显，最长为57.0 cm·株^-1，最短为34.8 cm·株^-1；单条初生根长最长为10.3 cm，最短为7.1 cm（以上均为发芽15 d的值）。聚类分析将31个冬小麦品种（系）分为三组：根数少、根长而粗；根数多、根长而细；根数多、根短而粗。节水高产品种石家庄8号属于根数多、根长细组。发芽试验的初生根系性状参数可作为品种选择的参考指标。

英文摘要:

Roots play important roles in supplying water and nutrients to plant tissues.To explore the morphological difference in primary roots of winter wheat seedlings, the length, number and diameter of primary roots were evaluated to determine the root growth characteristics of 31 wheat genotypes.The results indicated that the number of primary roots per plant increased rapidly during the 3~6 days after germination while the growth rate decreased during the following 6~15 days.The primary roots numbers had been determined at 15th day after germination.The number of seminal root per plant was of great difference among genotypes, which was in the range of 3.6~6.2 per plant.Primary root diameter was gradually ripened and was significantly different among genotypes after germination, in the range of 0.19 mm~0.33 mm at the base of root.The total length of individual primary roots was also significantly different among genotypes, which was in the range of 34.8~57.0 per plant.And single primary root length was in the range of 7.1 cm~10.3 cm.The result of Cluster analysis showed that the 31 genotypes were divided into 3 groups, which were fewer root number large root diameter higher root length group, more root number small root diameter high root length group and more root number large root diameter shorter root length group.Shijiazhuang8, a water saving and high yield variety, belonged to the second group.The parameter of seminal roots of germination test could be used as reference index of variety selection.

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