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为了筛选快速评价冬小麦苗期耐低磷性的指标，测定了两种磷素水平下15个冬小麦品种苗期的株高、根长、根数、根干重、茎干重、植株磷积累量等6项生理指标。相关分析和通径分析表明，茎干重和根干重对植株磷积累量有极显著的直接作用，茎干重是影响植株磷积累量的最重要的性状；通过主成分分析可将6个单项生理指标综合成3个相互独立的综合指标，小麦在低磷条件下的适应性与植株干物质特征最为密切。本研究结果表明，植株磷积累量、茎干重、根干重、根数可以作为小麦苗期耐低磷基因型快速筛选的指标。

英文摘要:

In order to select the proper indexes for screening of winter wheat genotype with tolerance to low phosphorus, the physiological indexes of winter wheat including plant length, root length, root number, and plant phosphorus accumulation etc. were investigated under two phosphorus levels. The results showed that the direct path coefficients of the shoot dry weight and root dry weight with plant phosphorus accumulation were significant at the 0.01 level by correlation and path analysis. The shoot dry weight had greater influence on the plant phosphorus accumulation. By principal components analysis, 6 single indexes could be classified into 3 independent comprehensive components. The adaptability of winter wheat under low-P condition had close relations with plant dry weight at seeding stage. In conclusion, the plant phosphorus accumulation, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and root number were suggested as rapid screening indexes to identify low-P intolerant winter wheat at seeding stage.

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