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作者	单位
汤永禄，李朝苏，吴春，李生荣，黄辉跃³，王常玲	(1.四川省农业科学院作物研究所，四川成都 610066； 2.绵阳市农业科学院，四川绵阳 621000 3.内江市农业科学院，四川内江 641000； 4.简阳市农业技术推广站，四川简阳 641400)

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中文摘要:

为提升四川盆地弱光照生态区小麦产量潜力，基于2005-2012年系列控制性试验和农民高产跟踪田数据，系统分析了该区域限制小麦高产的关键因子及实现超高产（9 t·hm^-2以上）的技术途径。结果表明，小麦籽粒产量与单位面积穗数呈极显著正相关关系，但相关程度随产量水平的提升而下降（y=-0.151x+1.453, R=0.329, P<0.05），9 t·hm^-2以上时穗粒数和千粒重成为产量高低的决定性因素。籽粒产量普遍与生物产量、收获指数、生物生产率、籽粒生产率呈显著正相关，与抽穗期、全生育期呈显著负相关，与最高茎数、分蘖力和成穗率的相关程度则因试验不同而存在较大差异。籽粒产量与群体干重、叶面积指数等群体指标的相关程度：开花期﹥拔节期﹥苗期。高产田分蘖、拔节期的群体干重与中高产田相当甚至略低，但在开花期，高产田的干物质积累量显著高于中高产田，且个体质量也更高，着重反映在单茎绿叶数、旗叶SPAD值、单茎叶面积等指标上。根据上述结果和四川盆地生态条件，提出了在弱光照生态条件下小麦实现超高产的技术途径、阶段指标和关键技术。

英文摘要:

In order to improve the wheat yield in Sichuan basin, technical analysis of the measures to a super high yield of wheat (9 t·hm^-2) in Sichuan basin was conducted based on the data from a series of experiments and farmers' fields in 2005-2012. Grain yield correlated significantly and positively with spike number·hm^-2, but the correlation coefficients decreased with grain yield going up (y=-0.151x+1.453, R=0.329, P<0.05). Grain number per spike and 1000 kenel weight became the crucial factors for grain yield improvement once the grain yield reached 9 t·hm^-2. It was generally observed that grain yield correlated significantly and positively with biomass yield, harvest index, biomass production rate, grain production rate, and correlated negatively with days from emergence to heading and maturity, but the correlation between grain yield with summit population, tillering ability and spike rate containing grains varied greatly among most experiments. Grain yield was correlated with population dry matter and leaf area index more closely at late stage than that at early stages. Individual and population attributes of super high yield fields showed as individual plant was vigorous but rather rank, population was enough but rather necessary at early growth stage, and most attributes of super high yield fields were obvious higher than that of medium and low yield fields at late growth stage. Technical measures, stage attributes of individual and population, and crucial techniques to super high yield of wheat in Sichuan basin with very low photo synthetically active radiation were proposed based above analysis and local ecological system.

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