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作者	单位
刘美佳，韩证仿，杨世佳，杨冰，张卫建	（1.南京农业大学应用生态研究所，江苏南京 210095； 2.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物生理生态重点实验室，北京 100081）

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中文摘要:

为了明确施氮量对苏中地区冬小麦主要矿质元素含量的影响，以扬麦11和扬麦13为材料，在江苏丹阳设置3个氮素水平(0、150、300 kg·hm^-2)，研究不同施氮量对冬小麦籽粒、茎鞘和叶片中Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu、Ca、Mg和P等矿质元素含量的影响。结果表明，增施氮肥能显著提高冬小麦籽粒、茎鞘、叶片、面粉和麸皮中的Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu和Ca含量，但P含量明显下降。与对照（N0）相比，施氮量达300 kg·hm^-2时，扬麦11籽粒中的Fe、Zn、Mn、Cu和Ca含量分别增加了11.74%、32.20%、31.78%、66.87%和53.75%，P含量降低23.06%，茎鞘中Zn、Cu和Ca含量增加106.34%、136.97%和51.15%，P含量降低46.46%；扬麦13籽粒中Zn、Cu和Ca含量分别比对照（N0）增加33.03%、59.67%和56.63%，Mg和P含量分别降低14.10%和25.41%，叶片中Mn、Cu、Ca和Mg分别增加174.54%、27.15%、41.66%和29.95%。随着氮肥用量增加，籽粒中Mg含量呈下降趋势，但茎鞘和叶片中Mg含量呈递增趋势。籽粒、茎鞘和叶片中不同矿质元素含量对氮肥的响应存在品种间差异。在本试验条件下，适量施氮可以提高冬小麦籽粒中微量元素的含量。但是，氮肥用量过高可能降低籽粒中P和Mg的含量，不利于籽粒矿质营养品质的提高。

英文摘要:

Two winter wheat varieties (Yangmai 11 and Yangmai 13) were used to investigate the impacts of nitrogen (N) application levels (0,150,300 kg/hm) on the main mineral concentrations in wheat grain, leaves and stalk in the Danyang city, Jiangsu province. The results showed that the concentrations of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu and Ca increased with the increasing rate of N application in winter wheat grain, stalk, leaves, flour and bran, while P concentrations decreased. Comparing with the non fertilization control, when N application rate reached 300 kg/hm , the concentrations of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu and Ca in the grain of Yangmai11 significantly increased by 11.74%, 32.20%, 31.78%, 66.87% and 53.75%, while P concentration significantly decreased by 23.06%. At the same N rate, the concentrations of Zn, Cu and Ca in the stalk of Yangmai11 significantly increased by 106.34%, 136.97% and 51.15%, but P concentration significantly decreased by 46.46%. The concentrations of Zn, Cu and Ca in the grain of Yangmai13 significantly increased by 33.03%, 59.67% and 56.63%, however, the concentrations of Mg and P significantly decreased by 14.10% and 25.41%. The concentrations of Mn, Cu, Ca and Mg in the leaves of Yangmai13 significantly increased by 174.54%, 27.15%, 41.66% and 29.95%, respectively. There were different impacts of nitrogen application rates on mineral concentrations in winter wheat above ground tissues between the two varieties. Under the present experimental conditions, our results demonstrate that N application can increase the trace mineral concentrations of winter wheat grain. However, over use of N fertilizer may decrease grain quality through decreasing other mineral concentrations in winter wheat grain.

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