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作者	单位
陈健，刘云慧，宇振荣	(1.浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室，浙江临安 311300； 2.浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院，浙江临安 311300； 3.中国农业大学资源与环境学院，北京 100094)

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中文摘要:

为给河北平原地区水资源优化配置和科学灌溉提供参考，利用作物生长模型，在遥感和GIS技术支持下，模拟分析了河北省平原区水分限制条件下冬小麦产量、蒸散量及水分生产率的空间分布特征。结果表明，在水分限制条件下，冬小麦产量和水分生产率具有相似的空间分布格局。在保定中部、石家庄中部、邢台中部、邯郸东部南北条带上产量和水分生产率都较高，产量都在8 000 kg·hm^-2以上，最高可达10 359 kg·hm^-2，水分生产率为19~23 kg·hm^-2mm^-1，其中邯郸东南部最高，可以达到23.8 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1。而在邢台地区东部、衡水、沧州、秦皇岛等地由于不能灌溉，小麦生育期内降雨量无法满足小麦生长所需，产量和水分生产率均较低，产量普遍位于4 200~6 000 kg·hm^-2之间，水分生产率一般为10~19 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1。总供水量不足、土壤水分蒸发量大、水分利用效率不高是后面这些地区农业水分利用的主要问题，需要采取节水措施抑制土壤蒸发，提高水分利用效率，实现既节水又增产的目标。

英文摘要:

This report demonstrates the potential of crop growth models using GIS data in the spatio temporal analysis of water productivity. The simulated results showed that the high yield areas were located in the centre of Baoding, Shijiazhuang and Xingtai, and the eastern part of Handan districts with values of 8 000 to 10 359 kg·hm^-2. The values of water productivity were from 19 to 23 kg·hm^-2mm^-1, the highest value was 23.8 kg·hm^-2, which appeared in the south eastern Handan. The low yield areas were located in Cangzhou, Hengshui, Qinhuangdao and the eastern part of Xingtai with values of 4 200 to 6 000 kg·hm^-2, The water productivity in these regions was about 10 to 19 kg·hm^-2mm^-1. The reason was probably that there was a lack of surface water resources and the insufficient amount of rainfall to meet the need of winter wheat in these areas. Comparing with the simulated potential yield, there were significant differences between actual yields and potential yields in this region. The spatial pattern of water productivity (WP) was similar to that of yield and evapor transpiration. It is suggested that some water conservancy techniques should be taken to increase the water use efficiency in these areas, such as stalk cover, new irrigation projects, etc.

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