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作者	单位
胡凤灵，何中虎，葛建贵，刘志超，时萍，夏先春	（1.安徽省六安市农业科学研究所，安徽六安 237000； 2. 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所，国家小麦改良中心，北京 100081； 3. CIMMYT 中国办事处，北京 100081）

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中文摘要:

为了通过育种手段尽快改良小麦加工品质，利用Dx5、By8、By9、By16、Glu A3、Glu B3和1B·1R 的特异性分子标记对221份中国冬小麦品种（系）进行HMW GS、LMW GS基因的等位变异及1B·1R 易位系检测，结果表明：（1）在所检测的小麦品种（系）中，含 Dx5、By8、By9的材料依次为58、79、119份，频率依次为26.2%、35.7%、53.8%；未检测到含By16的材料。（2）在所检测的小麦品种（系）中， Glu A3位点上，含 Glu A3a、 Glu A3b、 Glu A3c、 Glu A3d的材料依次为30、1、111、79份，频率依次为13.6%、0.5%、50.2%、35.7%；未检测到携带 Glu A3e、 Glu A3f、 Glu A3g的材料；Glu B3位点上，含 Glu B3d、 Glu B3g、 Glu B3f、 Glu B3h的材料较多，依次为64、47、18、11份，频率依次为29.0%、21.3%、8.1%、5.0%，含 Glu B3a、 Glu B3b、 Glu B3c、 Glu B3i的材料很少，依次为1、3、2、4份，频率依次为0.5%、1.4%、0.9%、1.8%；含1B·1R 易位系的材料（即Glu B3j类型）71份，频率为32.1%；未检测到含 Glu B3e的材料。（3）在所检测的小麦品种（系）中含最优亚基组合 By8、Dx5、GluA3d、GluB3d的材料只有2份，频率为0.9%，说明聚合多个优良基因的小麦品质改良工作急需加强。

英文摘要:

High and low molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW GS and LMW GS) and 1B·1R translocation highly affect the processing quality of wheat based products. Using gene specific molecular markers for Dx5, By8, By9, By16, Glu A3,Glu B3 and 1B·1R, HMW GS, LMW GS and 1Bo1R translocation of 221 Chinese wheat varieties (lines) were characterized, and the results showed that: (1) 58 varieties had Dx5, with a frequency of 26.2%; 79 possessed By8, with a frequency of 35.7%; 119 carried By9, with a frequency of 53.8%; and By16 was not detected in the varieties. (2) at Glu A3 locus, 30 varieties contained Glu A3a, with a frequency of 13.6%; Glu A3b was present in 1 variety, with a frequency of 0.5%; 111 varieties had Glu A3c, with a frequency of 50.2%; Glu A3d was found in 79 varieties, with a frequency of 35.7%; and Glu A3e, Glu A3f, Glu A3g were not detected in the varieties. At Glu B3 locus, Glu B3a was detected in 1 variety, with a frequency of 0.5%; 3 varieties contained Glu B3b, with a frequency of 1.4%; Glu B3c was found in 2 varieties, with a frequency of 0.9%; 64 varieties possessed Glu B3d, with a frequency of 29.0%; Glu B3f was present in 18 varieties, with a frequency of 8.1%; 47 varieties had Glu B3g, with a frequency of 21.3%; Glu B3h was identified in 11 varieties, with a frequency of 5.0%; 4 varieties had Glu B3i, with a frequency of 1.8%; Glu B3e was not found in the varieties; 71 wheat varieties (lines) possessed 1B·1R translocation, i.e. Glu B3j, with a frequency of 32.1%. (3) Two wheat varieties (lines) had the best subunit combination of By8, Dx5, Glu A3d and Glu B3d, with a frequency of 0.9%. Pyramiding a number of good genes in wheat quality improvement needs to be enhanced. Markers used in the present study are gene specific functional markers, with good repeatability and high accuracy, and they can be applied to wheat quality improvement for molecular marker assisted selection.

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