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作者	单位
杨树明，谢勇武，曾亚文，杨涛，普晓英，杜娟	(1. 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所，云南昆明 650205； 2. 云南省农业生物技术重点实验室，云南昆明 650223)

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中文摘要:

为寻求功能大麦优质高效生产技术，以3个大麦品种为材料，采用四因素三水平正交试验设计，研究了不同土壤类型下灌水和施氮处理对大麦农艺和产量性状及粒位γ 氨基丁酸、总黄酮、生物碱及抗性淀粉的影响。结果表明：(1)水氮运筹显著影响大麦农艺和产量性状及功能成分含量，且施氮效应大于灌水效应，在高氮水平下，水、氮互作效应较大。(2) 在一定灌水阀值范围下，随施氮量增加，籽粒γ 氨基丁酸、总黄酮、生物碱和抗性淀粉含量呈上升趋势。不同粒位籽粒千粒重与功能成分含量的变化趋势基本一致，穗中部籽粒高于穗上、下部籽粒，穗上、下部籽粒的差异相对较小。(3)通过优化，云啤2号以在淹育型水稻土上灌水0.9 kg·kg^-1土、施氮0.362 g·kg^-1土的处理为宜；S₅₀₀和V₄₃以在红壤性水稻土上分别灌水0.9 kg·kg^-1土和0.3 kg·kg^-1土、分别施氮0.246和0.362 g·kg^-1土处理为宜。

英文摘要:

In order to obtain the efficient production technique for high yield of functional barley. Three barley cultivars were used to study the effects of irrigation and fertilization treatment on agronomic traits and yield of barley, γ aminobutyric acid (GABA), flavones(FL), alkaloids(AL) and resistant starch of grains at different position with the orthogonal design of four factors and three levels. The results showed that: (1) water and nitrogen fertilizer application significantly affected agronomic traits, root and shoot growth, 1000 grain weight and functional element content of barley. The effects of nitrogen was larger than that of irrigation, and the interaction between irrigation and nitrogen was higher under high nitrogen level. (2) Grain GABA, FL, AL and RS increased with the increase of N application amount under certain range of irrigation. The changes of 1000 grain weight and function element content of grains at different positions showed the same trendancy. The middle grains in a ear had higher contents of GABA, FL, AL and RS compared with the Top grains (TG) and bottom grains(BG), while there was no significant difference between TG and BG. (3) By optimizing the measures, irrigation of 0.9 kg·kg^-1 and nitrogen application of 0.362 g·kg^-1 was the best in submergenic paddy soil for Yunpi 2. Irrigation of 0.9 kg·kg^-1 and nitrogen application of 0.3 kg·kg^-1 , 0.246 and 0.362 g·kg^-1 were the best in red earth paddy soil for cultivar S₅₀₀ and V₄₃, respectively.

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