| To clarify endosperm development between wheat cultivars for different uses, Wanmai 38 and Yangmai 9 responsible for strong and weak gluten types,respectively, were used to study division of endosperm free nucleus, proliferation and volume changes of endosperm cells, the development of amyloplast, protein body and aleuronic layer. The main results were as follows: (1) The divisions of the free nucleus in Wanmai 38 endosperm was mainly the mitosis, while those in Yangmai9 mainly the amitosis, which were affected by temperature; (2)The changes of endosperm cells presented S curve during the endosperm development, the endosperm cells of Wanmai 38 divided more rapidly, cell volume was larger, grain weight was higher; (3) Wanmai 38 had greater large starch granules but fewer small starch granules, while Yanmai 9 was on the contrary; (4) The aleurone layer appeared at about 9 days after anthesis, the cell wall of the aleurone layer in Wanmai 38 was thicker and dyed more denser than that in Yanmai 9;(5) There were three kinds of starch granules in endosperm cells, which was cake , ellipsoid ,ball shape, respectively. There were more starch granules of cake and ellipsoid shape in Wanmai38, but more starch granules of cake and ball shape in Yangmai9. The starch granules distribution in Wanmai 38 was closer than that in Yangmai 9. |
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