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为了研究小麦成熟胚脱分化过程中MAPKs相关基因序列的表达变化情况，利用Affymetrix小麦基因芯片研究了小麦成熟胚在MS+2,4 D (2 mg·L^-1)培养基上脱分化过程不同时间点的基因表达变化，用NCBI、DATF和DRTF等生物信息学相关网站对基因表达信息进行处理，通过PLEXdb的Blast比对方法在小麦基因组芯片中找到与拟南芥、水稻等作物同源性较高的MAPK序列，研究其在脱分化中表达变化情况。结果表明，有1个MAPKKKKs(简称MAP4K)、17个MAPKKKs(简称MAP3K)、5个MAPKKs(简称MAP2K)、9个MAPK相关基因、7个MAPK级联负调控因子基因和4个细胞周期蛋白基因在小麦成熟胚脱分化过程中的2、6、12、24、72 h等不同时间点至少发生了一次有意义的表达变化，其中上调表达基因20个，下调表达基因21个，先下调后上调表达基因2个。根据已知MAPK的生物功能和它们在小麦成熟胚脱分化过程中的表达变化趋势及其与脱分化过程中的吻合程度，推测TaMAPK1C、TaMAPK2A、TaMAPK2B、OsMAPK4、AtMKK6、AtPTP1等基因参与了小麦成熟胚脱分化过程中的激素响应、胁迫响应及细胞周期调控，表明这些基因在小麦成熟胚脱分化的启动和进行过程中具有重要作用。

英文摘要:

To elucidate the mechanism of mature wheat embryo dedifferentiation, the expression profile of genes during dedifferentiation was studied by Affymetrix microarray technique in mature embryos of wheat cultivar Yumai 18 cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg·L^-1 of 2,4 dichlorophenolxyacetic acid (2,4 D) at different time points of 2, 6, 12, 24 and 72 h. The expression information was processed using online tools at NCBI, DATF, and DRTF websites, the similar sequence with MAPK gene were searched in Arabidopsis and Rice Database System by PLEXdb Blast, and their expression profile during the dedifferentiation were analyzed. The results showed that there were one MAPKKKKs, 17 MAPKKKs, 5 MAPKKs, 9 MAPK related genes, 7 MAPK cascade negative regulation factor genes, and 4 cell cyclin genes changed at least at one time point, which included 20 up regulated, 21 down regulated and 2 down regulated at first and then up regulated during the whole period. According to the known functions of MAPK, their changing trend, and the consistency between the trend and dedifferentiation proceeding, it was predicted that TaMAPK1C,TaMAPK2A,TaMAPK2B,OsMAPK4,AtMKK6,AtPTP1 might participate in the processes of hormone response, stress response, and cell cycle regulation etc. These suggested that these genes would play an important role in triggering and promotion dedifferentiation of mature embryo in wheat.

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