| 吴振录,樊哲儒，何中虎，李剑峰，张跃强，王岩军.杂交与诱变相结合提高春小麦育种效果的研究[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(5):976 |
| 杂交与诱变相结合提高春小麦育种效果的研究 |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2010.05.035 |
| 中文关键词: 春小麦 杂交 诱变 育种 |
| 英文关键词:Spring wheat Hybridization Radiation Breeding |
| 基金项目:农业部948项目“分子育种实用化研究”（2006G2）；农业部公益性科研专项“核技术农业应用”（20083034）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为给小麦育种工作者提供参考，总结了30多年春小麦杂交与诱变相结合的育种进展。从1974年至今，每年将各杂交组合当代种子均分为两份，一份用60Co γ 射线80Gy辐照，另一份种子不辐照，为单纯杂交材料，两部分材料同步筛选，育成了7个新品种，其中4个成为新疆春小麦种植面积最大的主栽品种。研究表明，中低剂量γ 射线辐照春小麦杂种当代干种子，能够扩大杂种后代多数农艺性状的变异范围，株高与籽粒饱满度的相关系数有所降低，为选育矮秆兼抗旱的品种提供了可能。本项目育成的新春2号、新春6号等抗旱高产品种，连续20多年在新疆春小麦中种植面积为最大，近年又育成了优质品种新春26号等。认为杂交与诱变相结合，互相补充，可显著提高育种效率。另外，CIMMYT小麦种质在新疆春小麦育种中发挥了重要作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The progress of spring wheat breeding through the combination of hybridization and irradiation in the last 30 years was reviewed. From 1974 up to now, F1seeds were equally divided into two parts, one part was irradiated by γ ray，and the other part was planted without any treatment. And these two parts were equally selected by pedigree method. Seven varieties were developed, and four of them became leading varieties with largest acreage in Xinjiang. Our data showed that the middle or low dose γ ray irradiation on F1dry seeds could enlarge the variation of most agronomic traits in hybrid progenies and reduce the correlation coefficient between plant height and kernel plumpness, which may increase the opportunity to breed varieties with combination of drought resistance and lodging resistance. Varieties such as Xinchun 2 and Xinchun 6 with high yield potential and drought resistance were developed, which were successively leading varieties with the largest production area from 1986 to 2009 in Xinjiang. New varieties, such as Xinchun 26 with high quality, were released in recent years. Our experiences showed that hybridization combined with irradiation treatment could significantly improve breeding efficiency. In addition, utilization of CIMMYT germplasm has played a key role for the variety development. |
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