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作者	单位
张桂英¹，张国权¹，罗勤贵¹，欧阳韶晖¹，魏益民²	（1. 西北农林科技大学食品科学与工程学院，陕西杨凌，712100；2. 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所，北京，100193）

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中文摘要:

为了给小麦品质育种、保优栽培及品质生态区划提供参考依据，以陕西关中地区92个大田生产小麦样品为材料，通过因子及聚类统计学方法分析了小麦容重、籽粒硬度、籽粒蛋白含量、粉质参数、拉伸参数及黏度参数等29个品质性状间的关系。结果表明，小麦品种的29个主要品质指标可以压缩成7个因子，即蛋白质质量因子、加工品质因子、淀粉糊化特性因子、面筋数量因子、籽粒物理品质因子、淀粉热糊稳定因子、淀粉回升因子，分别能够决定品质总变异的26.22%、22.34%、11.60%、7.15%、6.03%、4.80%、3.94%，累计表达总变异的82.14%。以品质性状的因子得分进行聚类分析，92个大田生产小麦样品可以聚成3大类，即三原县、泾阳县和武功县北部地区的大田生产小麦为一类，该地区较干旱，小麦粉的粉质参数较好、拉伸参数和淀粉糊化特性优；渭南地区的临渭区和蒲城县的大田生产小麦样品为一类，小麦粉的粉质参数好、拉伸参数较好，淀粉糊化特性一般；从蒲城县沿省道经富平县、三原县、泾阳县、武功县、扶风县、岐山县和凤翔县的8个县（区）大田生产小麦为第三类，该区小麦种植的水肥条件较好，产量高，其加工品质好，但粉质参数、拉伸参数和淀粉糊化特性表现较差。同一品种在不同地区间的品质表现不同，在优质小麦生产和品质区划中，优质品种的筛选及其对栽培环境适应性均应受到高度重视。

英文摘要:

In order to provide the theoretical basis for wheat quality breeding, cultivation regulations for quality improvement and high quality wheat production, 92 wheat samples which were collected in Guanzhong area, Shaanxi province were used as test materials, the relationship of 29 indexes of wheat quality properties such as test weight, hardness, protein content, farinograms, extensograms, and viscosity parameters were analysised with a statistical method called factor and cluster analysis .The results showed that, 29 indexes of wheat quality properties can be compressed into 7 factors, namely, protein quality factor, quality processing factor, starch pasting properties factor, gluten quantity factor, wheat physical quality factor, starch hot paste stability factor and starch setback factor, which can be able to determine the quality of the total variation of 26.22%, 22.34%, 11.60%, 7.15%, 6.03%, 4.80%, 3.94%, respectively, and the accumulative variance contribution was 82.14%. Cluster analysis was conducted according to the factor score of quality properties, and 92 wheat samples were clustered into three categories, namely, wheat samples from the northern drought area of Sanyuan county, Jingyang county and Wugong county with better farinograms, and excellent extensograms and starch gelatinization viscosity properties; the wheat samples from Linwei county and Pucheng county with excellent farinograms, better extensograms, and ordinary starch gelatinization viscosity properties; and the wheat samples from Pucheng county, along the provincial highway to Fuping county, Sanyuan county, Jingyang county, Wugong county, Fufeng county, Qishan county, and Fengxiang county, which include eight counties (districts) of Weinan, Xianyang and Baoji city. Because the area has better water fertilizer conditions and high yield, good processing quality, but the performance of farinograms, extensograms and starch gelatinization viscosity properties is poor. The quality properties of the same cultivars in different area perform differently. In high quality wheat producessing and wheat quality classification, the selection of high quality wheat variety and its adaptability to cultivation should be paid more attention.

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