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为了研究K型和YS 型小麦雄性不育系雄性不育的生化机制，用Native PAGE 凝胶电泳技术对稀盐缓冲液提取的不育系及其保持系育性敏感期旗叶和小穗中的可溶性蛋白进行了分析，并对不育系和保持系小穗质膜和液泡膜H⁺ ATP酶活性进行了比较。结果显示，1B/1R类K型不育系3314A和非1B/1R 类K 型不育系732A的同型保持系732B的旗叶在二核期和三核期均出现一分子量大小相同的特异性条带。对小穗的电泳结果显示，1B/1R类K型不育系3314A和非1B/1R 类K型不育系732A单核期与其同期相应保持系相比，表达了一些特异性的蛋白，而YS型光温敏不育系A3017二核期和三核期比单核期多出现了特异蛋白条带。这些小穗中表达的特异蛋白可能与育性相关。另外，通过对质膜和液泡膜H⁺ ATP酶活性测定表明，不育系小穗单核期ATP酶活性较高，尤其是不育系液泡膜H⁺ ATP酶活性在单核期均明显偏高。

英文摘要:

To study the biochemical mechanism of male sterility in K type and YS type male sterile wheat lines, soluble proteins were extracted from flags and spikes of male sterile wheat lines and their maintainers at uninucleate, binucleate and trinucleate stages and analysed by Native PAGE, and the ATPase activity in plasma membrane and tonoplast between male sterile wheat lines and their maintainers were compared.The results of Native PAGE displayed that special proteins bands were observed in the flag leaves of 1B/1R type male sterile line 3314A and the maintainer 732B of non 1B/1R type male sterile lines at binucleate and trinucleate stages. 732A and several special proteins expressed in the spike of 1B/1R type male sterile lines 3314A and non 1B/1R type male sterile line 732A at uninucleate stages, while several special proteins expressed in the spikes of YS type male sterile lines A3017 at binucleate and trinucleate stages compared with that at uninucleate stage. These special proteins expressed in spikes were probably related with fertility development. ATPase activities measured in plasma membrane and tonoplast of spikes. Reflected that there were higher ATPase activity in the spikes of sterile lines at uninucleate stages, especially higher level of ATPase activity in tonoplast.

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