| 李志贤，柴守玺.西北绿洲氮磷配施对冬小麦产量及养分利用效率的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(3):488 |
| 西北绿洲氮磷配施对冬小麦产量及养分利用效率的影响 |
| Effects of Fertilizer N, P on Winter wheat Yield and Fertilizer Use Efficiency in North west Oasis Area |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2010.03.019 |
| 中文关键词: 冬小麦 氮磷配施 水分利用效率 养分利用效率 产量 |
| 英文关键词:Winter wheat Fertilizer composition Water use efficiency Fertilizer use efficiency Grain yield |
| 基金项目:农业部科技跨越计划项目(2008跨35)；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（nycytx 03）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2007BAD52B08）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解氮磷配施对西北地区冬小麦产量和养分利用效率的影响，在甘肃凉州区黄羊镇甘肃农业大学试验农场开展了4个施肥处理(N165P105：165 kg N·hm-2+105 kg P2O5·hm-2；N165P165 ：165 kg N·hm-2+165 kg P2O5·hm-2；N225P105 ：225 kg N·hm-2+105 kg P2O5·hm-2；N225P165 ：225 kg N·hm-2+165 kg P2O5·hm-2)的大田试验。结果表明，4个施肥处理中， N165P105、N225P165和N165P165三个处理间产量差异不显著，但均显著高于N225P105；N165P105是河西绿洲冬小麦高产节肥的最佳施肥处理。少施N肥有利于WUE的提高（7.89%），而氮磷合理配施才能获得较高的WUE。多施N、P肥可增加N(36.72%)和P(58.94%)的消耗量，但明显降低N(44.48%)、P(53.50%)利用效率，不同处理间N、P利用效率差异显著或极显著，但N、P肥在养分利用上彼此影响不大。因此，肥料的合理配施是提高养分利用效率、实现西北地区高产的主要途径。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Experiments with combinations of two levels of N and P (N165P105 165 kg N·hm-2+105 kg P2O5·hm-2; N165P165 : 165 kg N·hm-2+165 kg P2O5·hm-2; N225P105 : 225 kg N·hm-2+105 kg P2O5·hm-2; N225P165 : 225 kg N·hm-2+165 kg P2O5·hm-2) were carried out at Huangyang experimental station of Gansu Agricultural University, in order to understand the effect of different nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) applications on yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency (FUE) of winter wheat in North west Oasis Area. The results indicated that grain yield of different treatments (N165P105, N165P165, N225P105, N225P165) was 4 635.25, 4 545.92, 4 446.67 and 4 049.64 kg·hm-2, respectively, the treatment of N165P105 achieved the maximum yield of 4 635.25 kg·hm-2, which should be the optimal fertilizer ratio for winter wheat in North west Oasis Area. Water use efficiency (WUE) showed the increasing trend with the reduction of N fertilizer, but it showed no remarkable increasing trend with the reduction of P fertilizer. More N and P fertilizer will increase their consumption; however, this could make FUE decreased. There was a significant difference of FUE among various treatments, but no obvious interactive effect observed on FUE between N and P fertilizer. Thereby, reasonable fertilizer proportion is the major approache to achieve high yield in North west Oasis Area. |
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