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作者	单位
朱彩梅，张京	中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程/农业部作物种质资源与生物技术重点开放实验室，北京 100081

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中文摘要:

为了弄清中国大麦种质资源中直链淀粉含量的高低，为今后的糯大麦研究和育种提供参考，利用近红外反射光谱（NIRS）法对含糯性基因的167个中国代表性大麦品种的直链淀粉含量进行了测定。结果表明，在中国大麦中鉴定发现的糯大麦种质均属低直链淀粉糯大麦（以下简称低直糯大麦），尚无一份是无直链淀粉糯大麦（以下简称无直糯大麦）材料。167份含糯性基因品种的直链淀粉含量变异范围为13.34%～38.23%，平均值为25.23%，标准差为4.18，变异系数为16.56%。品种内不同单株间直链淀粉含量不同，有的品种单株变异系数大，有的变异系数小。在28个品种中检测到直链淀粉含量小于15%的单株，其中在6个品种中共鉴定出7份材料，直链淀粉含量低于10%，可以在我国糯大麦育种和遗传等基础理论研究中优先利用。由于大麦品种间和品种内单株之间的直链淀粉含量存在很大差异，因此进行糯大麦种质资源鉴定筛选时，应在品种群体测定的基础上，进一步开展单株纯系繁殖鉴定；在杂交育种中选择糯大麦亲本时，不但要考虑备选品种的直链淀粉含量，还要考虑其个体基因型的遗传一致性。

英文摘要:

In order to ascertain the amylose content (AC) in Chinese barley accessions and offer the references for the research and breeding in waxy barley in the future, the AC of 167 representative barley cultivars with waxy gene were determined by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy （NIRS）. The results showed that all waxy barley were low AC cultivars and no one was no AC accession. The amylose content ranged from 13.34% to 38.23% among 167 waxy barley cultivars, with an average of 25.23%, a standard deviation of 4.18 and a variation coefficient of 16.56%. The genotypes with AC lower than 15% were found in 28 barley cultivars. Among them, 7 plants were found to be lower than 10% in amylose content, which could be used in barley quality breeding and waxy gene study. Because there was much difference of amylose content between cultivars and within cultivar population, it should conduct analysis in individual plant level while population of cultivar were identified during screening waxy barley germplasm resources. Meanwhile attention should be paid not only to AC of cultivar, but also to the inherit cosistance of individual genotype when choosing cross parent of waxy barley.

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