| 王 亮1 ，穆培源1，桑 伟1，徐红军1 ，庄 丽2 ，邹 波1.新疆小麦品种籽粒硬度及puroindoline基因等位变异的分子检测[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(1):17 |
| 新疆小麦品种籽粒硬度及puroindoline基因等位变异的分子检测 |
| Kernel hardness and Allelic Variations of Puroindoline Genes in Xinjiang Wheat Cultivars |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2010.01.004 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 籽粒硬度 Puroindoline基因 STS marker CAPs marker |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Kernel hardness Puroindoline gene STS marker CAPs marker |
| 基金项目:兵团博士资金项目（05JC02）；兵团科技支疆计划项目（2008ZJ10）；国家自然科学基金项目（30560078）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2006BAD01A02-30）；兵团科技攻关计划项目（2006GG04）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解新疆小麦品种籽粒硬度概况和puroindoline基因等位变异类型及其分布，以121份新疆冬、春小麦品种（包括51份农家品种和70份育成品种）为材料，采用单粒谷物特性测试仪（SKCS）和分子标记技术，对其SKCS硬度及puroindoline基因型进行了测试和鉴定。结果表明，新疆小麦硬度变化范围较大，以硬质麦为主，占61.2%。冬性农家品种籽粒硬度高于春性农家品种，冬、春小麦育成品种籽粒硬度基本相同（60.6和60.8）。新疆小麦puroindoline基因的类型丰富，共检测到野生型 (Pinb D1a）、Pina D1b、Pinb D1b、Pinb D1p、Pinb D1ab和Pinb D1ac 6种类型。硬质麦以Pina D1b、Pinb D1p、Pinb D1b 3种突变类型为主，其频率分别为33.8%、31.1%和28.4%。冬性农家品种含有3种类型，以Pina D1a / Pinb D1b类型居多，春性农家品种含有4种类型，以野生型（Pina D1a / Pinb D1a）为主，冬、春麦育成品种含有4种常见类型，其中冬麦以Pinb D1b类型为主，其频率为39.5%，春麦以Pina D1b（PINA缺失）类型为主，其频率为59.4%。另外，冬性农家品种中有4个品种属于Pina D1a / Pinb D1ab类型，春性农家品种中有1个品种属于Pina D1a / Pinb D1ac类型，均属硬质麦的稀有突变类型。不同puroindoline基因型的籽粒硬度大小也存在差异，其中Pinb D1ab突变型的硬度值最高，Pinb D1a最低，并且Pina D1b、Pinb D1b和Pinb D1p 3种硬质类型的籽粒硬度没有显著性差异。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to know the situation of kernel hardness and allelic distribution of puroindoline genes in Xinjiang winter and spring wheat cultivars. The kernel hardness was tested by SKCS and variations of puroindoline genes were identified with molecular marker in total of 121 Xinjiang wheat cultivars including 51 landraces and 70 bred cultivars. The results indicated that the range of kernel hardness was much wider in Xinjiang wheat regions, hard wheat was the predominate types with frequency of 61.2%. The average kernel hardness index of winter landraces was higher than that of spring landraces, and kernel hardness of winter bred cultivars was similar to that of spring bred cultivars. The allelic variations of puroindoline genes in Xinjiang wheat cultivars was rather abundant, six puroindoline genotypes, including wild type(Pinb D1a), Pina D1b, Pinb D1b, Pinb D1p, Pinb D1ab and Pinb D1ac, were presented in Xinjiang wheats. Pina D1b, Pinb D1p and Pinb D1b were the most popular genotypes in hard wheat with frequencies of 33.8%, 31.1% and 28.4%, respectively. Three puroindoline genotypes were presented in winter landraces, and Pina D1a / Pinb D1b was the predominant genotype. Four puroindoline genotypes were presented in spring landraces, and Pina D1a / Pinb D1a (wild type) was the predominant genotype. Four common puroindoline genotypes were presented in winter and spring bred cultivars, and Pina D1a / Pinb D1b was the predominant genotype with a frequency of 39.5% in winter bred cultivars and Pina D1b / Pinb D1a（PINA null）was the predominant genotype with a frequency of 59.4% in spring bred cultivars. In addition, 4 winter landraces hold genotype of Pina D1a / Pinb D1ab and 1 spring landrace holds genotype of Pina D1a / Pinb D1ac, the rare mutants of puroindoline gene. There were difference in the kernel hardness among different puroindoline genotypes, the kernel hardness index of mutant Pinb D1ab was the highest and that of Pina D1a / Pinb D1a was the lowest in all genotypes. There were not significant difference in the kernel hardness index among genotypes of Pina D1b, Pinb D1b and Pinb D1p. |
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