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作者	单位
史丽丽，张改生，牛娜，马守才，李红霞，徐开杰	西北农林科技大学，陕西省作物杂种优势研究与利用重点实验室/小麦育种教育部工程研究中心, 陕西杨凌 712100

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中文摘要:

为探讨杂交小麦杂种一代白粉病的抗性表现规律，以陕西不同地区小麦白粉病流行菌种做菌源，通过田间和苗期接种，对9份抗、感白粉病小麦亲本材料和9份大田感病品种及其杂交F1代进行抗病性鉴定，并结合SCAR和SSR分子标记进行了检测。结果表明：（1）以N95175、N9209为亲本的杂交F1含有Pm21基因，苗期和成株期抗病性均很好，与抗病亲本的抗病性表现基本一致，符合显性遗传，其抗病性主要由显性单基因控制。（2）以N9134、N9227A为亲本的杂交F1含有PmAS846基因，成株期抗病性较好，苗期大部分表现抗病；以N9227A为亲本的杂交F1中有40%的杂交组合表现中感，该抗性基因不完全符合单基因显性遗传，其表达在一定程度上受遗传背景及环境的影响。（3）中国春为苗期感病、成株期抗病材料，其与抗病亲本杂交F1代的抗病性接近或略高于抗病亲本；与感病品种杂交F1代的抗病性介于双亲之间。（4）白粉病遗传属于细胞核遗传，正反交F1代苗期抗病性无明显差异，杂交种的抗病性与双亲相关。因此, 在组配小麦强优势杂种组合时应尽量选用抗病的品种作为亲本之一，并考虑慢病性品种的应用。

英文摘要:

To evaluate the collocation rule of powdery mildew resistance in F1 generation of hybrid wheat, photypes to powdery mildew of 9 wheat materials and 9 susceptible varieties and their F1 hybrids were identified by field and seedling inoculation, were analyzed using SCAR and SSR markers. The result showed that (1) the crosses with N95175 and N9209 as resistant parents (Pm21), F1 hybrids had the character of high resistance to disease in seedling and adult plant period, and they had identical disease resistance with resistant parent,which accorded with dominant inheritance. Resistance mainly controlled by a dominant single gene. (2) F1 hybrids with N9134 and N9227A containing PmAS846 gene had the character of high resistance to disease in adult plant period,and most showed disease resistant in seedling, but 40% of F1 hybrids of N9227A showed moderate susceptibility. The resistance gene was not completely accorded with single gene dominant inheritance, and expression impacted by their genetic background and environment to some extent. (3)Chinese Spring was susceptible in seeding and moderate resistance in adult.The disease resistance of F1 hybrids made between Chinese Spring and disease resistant materials was near or a little higher than that of resistant parents,and which made between Chinese Spring and susceptible materials was between the resistant and susceptible parents. (4) The disease resistance of reciprocal cross F1 hybrids was not significance in seedling period, so it was nuclear inheritance. The disease incidence of F1 hybrids was closely correlated with that of parents. Therefore, selection of disease resistant breeds and adult plant resistance materials was essential for selection of crosses in hybrid wheat resistance breeding.

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