| To investigate the impact of different tillage patterns on the soil quality and wheat yield in sandy black soil, four tillage treatments were set: two passes of rotary tillage (T1), plowing + two passes of rotary tillage (T2), plowing + two passes of rotary tillage + rolling (T3), and plowing + one pass of driven harrowing + rolling (T4). The effects of these treatments on soil physical properties, nutrient conversion enzyme activity, organic matter, available nutrient content, and wheat yield were analyzed. The results showed that compared to T1, treatments T3 and T4 significantly increased the soil bulk density in the 0-10 cm layer during winter and decreased it in the 10-30 cm layer. Treatment T4 significantly increased the soil moisture content and water storage in the 20-30 cm layer during winter and in the 0-10 cm layer at maturity. Furthermore, T4 treatment significantly enhanced the activity of cellobiohydrolase in the 20-40 cm soil layer and β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase in the 0-40 cm soil layer, along with increased inorganic nitrogen content in the 20-40 cm soil layer and available phosphorus content in the 0-20 cm soil layer. T4 treatment also significantly increased the number of secondary roots per plant at the jointing stage, dry matter accumulation, spike number, and grain yield at flowering and maturity, resulting in an 11.62% increase in yield and an additional economic benefit of 2071.26 yuan·hm-2. In conclusion, the plowing + one pass of driven harrowing + rolling tillage practice (T4) is beneficial for improving the physical and chemical properties of sandy black soil, enhancing enzyme activity, and increasing wheat yield. It can be considered an optimal tillage practice for efficient wheat production in this region. |
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