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| 2014-2023年江苏省小麦生产体系碳氮足迹年际变化特征及构成分析 |
| Analysis of the interannual variation characteristics and composition of carbon and nitrogen footprints in wheat production system in Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2023 |
| 投稿时间：2025-12-16 修订日期：2026-01-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 小麦生产体系 生命周期法 碳氮足迹 年际演变特征 秸秆还田 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat production system Life cycle approach Carbon and nitrogen footprint Interannual evolution characteristics Straw returning |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 小麦是我国的主粮作物,江苏省作为小麦主产区之一,生产种植过程中排放大量温室气体,明确其生产体系碳氮排放年际演变特征,定量分析小麦碳氮足迹组成及农资投入成本,可为江苏省制定小麦减排措施和小麦绿色生产提供理论依据。本研究基于生命周期评价法,构建江苏省小麦生产体系碳氮核算边界,分析2014-2023年江苏省小麦生产体系资源投入特征和碳氮足迹演变趋势。结果表明,十年间江苏省小麦生产体系单位面积和单位产量成本呈上升趋势。农资投入成本主要为肥料(33.38%-40.06%)和机械(30.21%-35.72%)；小麦单位面积碳足迹和单位产量碳足迹分别为2.52 t.hm-2和0.46 t.t-1。小麦单位面积氮足迹和单位产量氮足迹分别为103.96 kg.hm-2和18.89 g.kg-1。碳足迹时间上总体呈现增长趋势,年均增幅为2.23%,活性氮排放量没有显著变化；在碳足迹构成中,施肥和机械(灌溉和柴油)环节是小麦碳足迹的主要来源,对碳排放的贡献率分别为63.70%和22.38%。NH3挥发是小麦活性氮排放的主要路径；单位产量碳氮足迹与小麦单产呈负显著相关。综上,减少小麦施肥和机械作业环节碳排放、增加秸秆碳固定是降低小麦生产碳氮足迹的重要途径,为降低江苏省小麦生产碳氮足迹,可以推广有机肥替代化肥、水肥一体化、秸秆还田及运用轻便型农用机械等方式提高肥料利用率和机械生产效率,降低小麦生产碳氮排放,实现绿色低碳可持续发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Wheat is a staple crop in China, and Jiangsu Province, as one of the main wheat producing areas, emits a large amount of greenhouse gases during the production and planting process. Clarifying the interannual evolution characteristics of carbon and nitrogen emissions in its production system, quantitatively analyzing the composition of wheat carbon and nitrogen footprint and agricultural input costs, can provide theoretical basis for Jiangsu Province to formulate wheat emission reduction measures and green wheat production. This study is based on the life cycle assessment method to construct the carbon and nitrogen accounting boundary of the wheat production system in Jiangsu Province, and analyze the resource input characteristics and carbon and nitrogen footprint evolution trend of the wheat production system in Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2023. The results indicate that the unit area and unit yield cost of wheat production system in Jiangsu Province have been on the rise over the past decade. The main input costs of agricultural inputs are fertilizers (33.38% -40.06%) and machinery (30.21% -35.72%); The carbon footprint per unit area and per unit yield of wheat are 2.52 t ? hm-2 and 0.46 t ? t-1, respectively. The nitrogen footprint per unit area and yield of wheat are 103.96 kg ? hm-2 and 18.89 g ? kg-1, respectively. The carbon footprint shows an overall increasing trend over time, with an average annual growth rate of 2.23%, and there is no significant change in active nitrogen emissions; In the composition of carbon footprint, fertilization and mechanical (irrigation and diesel) processes are the main sources of wheat carbon footprint, contributing 63.70% and 22.38% to carbon emissions, respectively. NH3 volatilization is the main pathway for active nitrogen emissions from wheat; The carbon and nitrogen footprint per unit yield is significantly negatively correlated with wheat yield. In summary, reducing carbon emissions from wheat fertilization and mechanical operations, and increasing straw carbon fixation are important ways to reduce the carbon and nitrogen footprint of wheat production. To reduce the carbon and nitrogen footprint of wheat production in Jiangsu Province, methods such as replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers, integrating water and fertilizer, returning straw to the field, and using lightweight agricultural machinery can be promoted to improve fertilizer utilization and mechanical production efficiency, reduce carbon and nitrogen emissions from wheat production, and achieve green, low-carbon, and sustainable development. |
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