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作者	单位
李月婷，李帅杰，高璞，王新海，刘晓婷，赵欣阳，王硕，张培培，李在峰	（河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定 071000）

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中文摘要:

引入抗锈病基因是防治小麦叶锈病最有效的措施，小麦抗叶锈病基因Lr15对中国小麦叶锈菌多数生理小种表现抗性，解析该基因遗传特性，明确其染色体位置，将为分子标记辅助育种和基因克隆奠定基础。本研究首先利用13个锈病生理小种对携带Lr15的材料RL6052进行苗期抗性鉴定，以RL6052与感病品种Thatcher杂交构建F₂群体（257单株），接种PHST小种进行抗性鉴定，利用16K SNP扫描芯片分析抗感池DNA对Lr15进行初步定位，在定位区间内开发SSR及STS标记，构建遗传连锁图谱。结果表明，RL6052对12个锈病生理小种表现高抗；遗传分析显示，F₂群体抗感分离比为192∶65，符合3∶1（²_3∶1=0.012），证明其为单显性基因；16K SNP芯片扫描结果初步将Lr15定位于2DS染色体的60.16~87.26 Mb区间（中国春参考基因组V1.0）；在该区间进一步开发标记将Lr15定位于标记ZBSF63.7与STS64.4之间，物理区间为61.27~62.02 Mb，遗传距离分别为0.17和0.58 cM，其中标记ZBSF2D63.9和ZBSF2D63.92与Lr15共分离。本研究将有效抗病基因Lr15精确定位于2DS染色体上且开发了与其紧密连锁的分子标记，为该基因的进一步克隆奠定了基础，与其紧密连锁的分子标记可用于标记辅助选择培育抗病品种。

英文摘要:

Using resistance genes is the most effective measure to control wheat leaf rust. The wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr15 showed resistance to most Puccinia triticina(Pt) races in China. Further confirmation of the genetic characteristics and position of Lr15 will lay a foundation for marker-assisted breeding and gene cloning. Firstly 13 Pt races were used to test the seedling resistance line RL6052 with Lr15. Furthermore, 257 F₂ plants derived from a cross between RL6052 and the susceptible cultivar Thatcher were inoculated with race PHST for resistance evaluation, and bulked segregant analysis using a 16K SNP array was performed for preliminary mapping of Lr15. Finally, SSR and STS markers were developed within the target region to construct a genetic linkage map for Lr15. The results showed that RL6052 was highly resistant to 12 races. Genetic analysis revealed that the ratio between resistant to susceptible was 192∶65 in the F₂ population, fitting a 3∶1 ratio(²_3∶1=0.012), indicating monogenic dominant inheritance. Lr15 was mapped on a 60.16-87.26 Mb physical interval on chromosome 2DS in the Chinese Spring reference genome(version 1.0) using a 16K SNP array. More markers were developed in this interval and Lr15 was mapped between markers ZBSF63.7 and STS64.4, with a physical interval of 61.27-62.02 Mb, and genetic distances of 0.17 and 0.58 cM, respectively. Two markers ZBSF2D63.9 and ZBSF2D63.92 were co-segregated with Lr15. In this study, the effective resistance gene Lr15 was precisely mapped on chromosome 2DS and closely linked markers were also developed, which laid a foundation for further cloning of this gene, and the closely linked markers can be used for marker-assisted selection for breeding resistant cultivars.

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