| 魏爱丽 ，杨 茂，黄 琴，张英华，王志敏.小麦不同进化材料叶与非叶器官C4光合酶活性及δ13C值差异[J].麦类作物学报,2021,(2):183 |
| 小麦不同进化材料叶与非叶器官C4光合酶活性及δ13C值差异 |
| Difference of C4 Photosynthetic Enzyme Activity and δ13C Value between Leaf and Non-Leaf Organs of Different Wheat Evolutionary Materials |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2021.02.08 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 非叶器官 进化 PEP羧化酶， 稳定碳同位素（δ13C） |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Non-leaf Organs Evolution PEPCase Stable carbon isotope δ13C value |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0300401） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确小麦进化过程中C4代谢酶活性的变化趋势，以二倍体小麦种（野生一粒小麦、栽培一粒小麦、拟斯卑尔脱山羊草、粗山羊草）、四倍体小麦种（野生二粒小麦、栽培二粒小麦、阿拉拉特、提莫菲维小麦）及六倍体小麦种（斯卑尔脱小麦、普通小麦）为试验材料，对不同染色体倍数小麦种不同绿色器官光合碳同化酶（PEPC、RuBPC、NADP-MDH、NADP-ME、NAD-ME）活性及稳定碳同位素（δ13C）值进行了比较分析。结果表明，在同一种内，非叶器官（叶鞘、穗下节间、芒、护颖、外颖）RuBPC活性显著低于旗叶，除六倍体小麦品种外，其余小麦材料的PEPC及其他C4途径酶活性均高于叶片。在小麦进化过程中，随着染色体倍数的增加，旗叶片的C3和C4同化酶活性均上升，且PEPC/RuBPC活性比值显著增加；非叶器官的RuBPC活性增加，但PEP羧化酶及其他C4途径酶活性下降，PEPC/RuBPC活性比值显著降低。旗叶和穗器官的δ13C值均在C3途径范围内，穗器官的δ13C值高于叶片；随染色体倍数的增加，旗叶δ13C值增高，而穗器官的δ13C值下降。综合来看，小麦非叶器官具有较强的C4光合酶活性，在进化过程中，其C4酶活性趋向减弱，而旗叶的C4酶活性则趋向增加。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to understand the change trend of C4 photosynthetic enzyme activity in wheat evolution,diploid wheat species,tetraploid wheat species and hexaploid wheat species were used as experimental materials. The activities of photosynthetic carbon assimilative enzymes (PEPC,RuBPC,NADP-MDH,NADP-ME,NAD-ME) and stable carbon isotope (δ13C) in different green organs of different wheat species were compared. The results showed that the activity of RuBPC in non-leaf organs (sheath,peduncle,awn,glume and lemma) within the same species was significantly lower than that in flag leaves. Except for hexaploid wheat varieties,the activities of PEPC and other C4 pathway enzymes in other wheat materials were significantly higher than those in leaves. With the increase of chromosome ploidy in the process of wheat evolution,the C3 and C4 enzyme activities and the ratio of PEPC/RuBPC of flag leaf increased. The activities of RuBPC of non-leaf organs increased,but the activities of PEPC and other C4 enzymes as well as the ratio of PEPC/RuBPC decreased obviously. The results of stable carbon isotope analysis showed that δ13C value of flag leaf and ear organs belong to C3 pathway,but the δ13C value of non-leaf organs was higher than that of flag leaf. With the increase of chromosome ploidy,the δ13C value of flag leaf enhanced,but that of non-leaf organs decreased. The results showed that the non-leaf organs of wheat had strong C4 photosynthetic enzyme activity. In the process of evolution,the C4 enzyme activity of non-leaf organs tended to decrease,while the C4 enzyme activity in flag leaf tended to increase. |
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