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作者	单位
赵宝平，任鹏，徐忠山，武俊英，刘瑞芳，刘景辉	（1.内蒙古农业大学，内蒙古杂粮工程技术研究中心，内蒙古呼和浩特 010019；2.内蒙古呼和浩特园艺科技试验中心，内蒙古呼和浩特 010070）

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中文摘要:

为了解水分胁迫对不同抗旱性燕麦品种光合和产量的影响，以抗旱性不同的蒙燕1号和坝莜3号为材料，在拔节期和抽穗期采用防雨棚盆栽方式，测定分析了不同水分处理［重度胁迫（30%田间持水量（FWC））、中度胁迫（45%FWC），适度控水（60%FWC）和正常供水（CK，75%FWC）］下燕麦叶片叶绿素含量、气体交换速率、叶绿素荧光动力学参数、产量及其构成因素的差异。结果表明，两个燕麦品种叶片叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量及叶绿素总含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、最大荧光、最大光化学效率（F_v/F_m）、实际光化学效率、光化学猝灭系数均随着水分胁迫程度的加剧而下降，初始荧光与非光化学淬灭系数则呈上升趋势，且水分敏感品种坝莜3号的光合受抑制程度显著大于抗旱品种蒙燕1号。燕麦的光合特性和产量受水分胁迫影响的程度整体上表现为拔节期大于抽穗期。中度和重度水分胁迫下坝莜3号的每穗小穗数、千粒重均下降，而每穗秕粒数显著增加，减产13.9%～25.7%。蒙燕1号的产量在适度控水条件下未显著下降，且水分利用效率较高，而在中度和重度水分胁迫下每穗小穗数和穗粒数均显著降低，导致减产9.1%～23.5%，但其 F_v/F_m和叶绿素a/b值较高；在相同水分条件下蒙燕1号的产量显著高于坝莜3号。这说明在水分胁迫下抗旱性强的燕麦品种的光系统Ⅱ的损伤和光抑制较轻，光合同化能力较强，产量损失少。

英文摘要:

In order to study the effects of water stress on photosynthetic characteristics and yield formation of different drought-tolerant oat genotypes, we used the water sensitive cultivar Bayou 3 and the drought-resistant cultivar Mengyan 1 as test materials,and carried out four different water stress treatments, including severe stress(30% field water holding capacity(FWC)), moderate stress(45%FWC), moderate water control(60%FWC) and normal water supply(CK, 75%FWC) at jointing and heading stages,with pot culture in the rain-proof shelter. We measured the leaf chlorophyll content, gas exchange rate, chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters, yield and its components. The results showed that the leaf chlorophyll a(Chl a) content, chlorophyll b(Chl b) content,total chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, maximum fluorescence, the maximal photochemical efficiency(F_v/F_m), the actual photochemical efficiency, photochemical quenching coefficients in two oat cultivars were significantly decreased, while the initial fluorescence and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient were increased with the increase of water stress, and the extent of photo-inhibition in Bayou 3 were significantly higher than that in Mengyan 1.The photosynthetic characteristics and yield of oats affected by water stress were higher at jointing stage than those at heading stage. Under moderate and severe water stress, the spikelet number and thousand kernel weight were significantly decreased and abortive grain number significantly increased(P<0.05) and the grain yield was decreased by 13.9%-25.7%. Under moderate water control treatment, the grain yield of Mengyan 1 was not significantly decreased and the water use efficiency increased compared with that of CK.Under moderate and severe water stresses, the spikelet number and grain umber per panicle were significantly decreased(P<0.05) and the grain yield was decreased by 9.1%-23.5%.However, due to the higher value of F_v/F_m and Chl a/b in Mengyan 1 under water stress, the grain yield in Mengyan 1 were significantly higher than that of Bayou 3 under the same water treatment. We can draw a conclusion that the drought-resistant cultivar Mengyan 1 can relieve the damage of photo-systemⅡand photo-inhibition under water stress, leading to the increase of assimilate accumulation, finally alleviate yield loss of oat.

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