| 张运红，黄绍敏，和爱玲，杨占平，杜 君，刘高远 ，郭斗斗，薛广元.磷酸二铵添加增效剂对小麦-花生轮作系统作物产量和磷肥吸收利用的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2020,(11):1342 |
| 磷酸二铵添加增效剂对小麦-花生轮作系统作物产量和磷肥吸收利用的影响 |
| Effect of Diammonium Phosphate Added with Fertilizer Synergists on Crop Yield and Phosphate Absorption and Utilization in Wheat-Peanut Rotation System |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2020.11.08 |
| 中文关键词: 磷酸二铵 增效剂 小麦-花生轮作 产量 磷肥吸收利用 |
| 英文关键词:Diammonium phosphate Fertilizer synergists Wheat-peanut rotation Yield Phosphate absorption and utilization |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD201703）；河南省农业科学院自主创新项目（2020ZC25）；河南省农业科学院科技创新创意项目（2020CX04） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确增值磷肥（磷酸二铵添加增效剂）在小麦-花生轮作体系中的施用效果，采用2年盆栽试验，研究了磷酸二铵（DAP）添加不同增效剂（腐殖酸HA、氨基酸aa和海藻寡糖AOS）对作物产量和磷肥吸收利用的影响。结果表明，与DAP单施处理相比，DAP添加增效剂处理的小麦平均产量显著增加(8.22%～ 16.57%)，DAP+aa和DAP+AOS处理的小麦磷累积量显著增加(14.12%和10.59%)，但DAP+AOS处理的花生平均产量和磷累积量均显著下降(14.82%和10.59%)。DAP添加增效剂处理的小麦平均磷素农学效率显著增加（24.26%～48.88%），磷素累积利用率也有不同程度增加，但DAP+AOS处理的花生磷素平均农学效率和累积利用率均显著下降（42.45%和4.91%）。2年小麦-花生轮作后，不施磷土壤中的磷素累积亏缺和有效磷含量分别为0.99 g·pot-1和1.59 mg·kg-1；DAP处理分别为3.05 g·pot-1和3.06 mg·kg-1，DAP+aa和DAP+AOS处理土壤的有效磷含量较DAP处理下降14.34%和11.82%，但土壤磷盈余量无显著变化。施磷后平均每1 g·pot-1的磷盈余可使土壤有效磷含量提高0.328 7 mg·kg-1。本试验条件下，两种作物对DAP添加增效剂后的响应存在明显差异，和DAP单施处理相比，DAP添加增效剂处理均可提高小麦的产量和磷肥利用效率，但DAP+AOS处理的花生产量、磷累积量、磷素平均农学效率和累积利用效率均显著下降。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to clarify the application effects of value-added phosphate(P) fertilizers（diammonium phosphate added with fertilizer synergists） and realize the efficient use of P fertilizers in wheat-peanut rotation system,two-year pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of diammonium phosphate(DAP) added with different fertilizer synergists,including humic acid(HA),amino acids(aa) and alginate oligosaccharides(AOS),on crop yield and P absorption and utilization. The results showed that compared with only DAP treatment,the average yield of wheat under the treatments of DAP added with fertilizer synergists were increased significantly by 8.22%-16.57%,and the P accumulation of the treatments of DAP+aa and DAP+AOS were also increased significantly by 14.12% and 10.59%,but the average yield and P accumulation of peanuts under DAP+AOS treatment were significantly decreased by 14.82% and 10.59%,respectively. The average P agronomic efficiency of wheat under the treatments of DAP added with fertilizer synergists were increased significantly by 24.26%-48.88%,and the accumulative P use efficiency were also increased to various degrees,but the average P agronomic efficiency and accumulative use efficiency of peanut under DAP+AOS treatment were decreased significantly(42.45% and 4.91% respectively). After two years of wheat-peanut rotation,the accumulated deficit of P and olsen-P contents in soil of the control without P application were 0.99 g·pot-1 and 1.59 mg·kg-1,respectively; and those of DAP treatment were 3.05 g·pot-1 and 3.06 mg·kg-1. The olsen-P content in soil under the treatments of DAP+aa and DAP+AOS were decreased by 14.34% and 11.82%,compared with only DAP treatment; but the soil P surplus did not change significantly. For every 1 g·pot-1 soil P surplus after P application,olsen-P content was increased by 0.328 7 mg·kg-1. Under the conditions of this study,there were significant differences in the response of the two crops when adding fertilizer synergists to DAP. Compared with the only DAP treatment,the crop yield and P use efficiency of wheat under the treatments of DAP added with fertilizer synergists were improved,[JP2]but the yield,P accumulation,average P agronomic efficiency and accumulative use efficiency of peanut under DAP+AOS treatment were decreased significantly. |
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