陈 翔,林 涛,林非非,张 妍,苏 慧,胡燕美,宋有洪,魏凤珍,李金才.黄淮麦区小麦倒春寒危害机理及防控措施研究进展[J].麦类作物学报,2020,(2):243 |
黄淮麦区小麦倒春寒危害机理及防控措施研究进展 |
Research Progress on Damage Mechanism and Prevention and Control Measures of Late Spring Coldness of Wheat in Huanghuai Region |
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DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2020.02.14 |
中文关键词: 黄淮麦区 小麦 倒春寒 危害机理 防控措施 |
英文关键词:Huanghuai wheat area Wheat Late spring coldness Damage mechanism Prevention management |
基金项目:十三五国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300408,2017YFD0301307);安徽省教育厅高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2019A0174) |
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中文摘要: |
倒春寒是限制黄淮麦区冬小麦高产稳产的主要因素之一。本文基于当前研究现状,从细胞膜系统、光合作用、呼吸作用、活性氧代谢、渗透调节物质以及内源激素代谢等方面阐述了倒春寒对小麦的危害机理,提出可以采取选育耐寒品种、水肥管理和应用外源化学调控物质等农艺措施防控倒春寒。建议在今后的小麦倒春寒研究中,应充分运用分子生物学等相关技术辅助传统育种,加快耐倒春寒小麦品种的选育;通过植物建模技术、高通量表型平台等作物表型组学相关技术深入研究倒春寒的致灾机理和响应机制,探讨小麦对倒春寒响应的敏感时段、耐性范围以及灾害的防控指标,研发减灾保产的关键栽培技术体系;最后,应综合考虑多重逆境叠加的影响。本文为找到更有效的倒春寒综合防控方法提供了新的思路。 |
英文摘要: |
Late spring coldness is one of the main limiting factors for high and stable yield of winter wheat in Huanghuai areas. Based on the current research situation,this paper expounds the damage mechanism of late spring coldness in wheat from the aspects of cell membrane system,photosynthesis,respiration,active oxygen metabolism,osmotic regulators and endogenous hormone metabolism,and suggests some agronomic measures to prevent and control late spring coldness,such as breeding cold-tolerant varieties,water and fertilizer management,and applying exogenous chemicals. In the future research in wheat late spring coldness,breeders are suggested to make full use of molecular biotechnology to assist traditional breeding to accelerate the process of cold-tolerant wheat varieties. Using crop phenomics,such as plant modeling and high throughput phenotype platform to deeply study the disaster-causing mechanism and response mechanism of late spring coldness,the sensitive period of wheat response to late spring coldness,control indicators of tolerance range and disaster prevention should be explored,and key cultivation technology system of disaster reduction and yield protection should be developed.The effects of multiple adversities should be considered comprehensively,so as to provide new ideas for more effective methods for comprehensive prevention and control of late spring coldness. |
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