In order to study the effect of irrigation and phosphorus application in the formation of wheat yield, Bainong 207 and Yumai 49-198, the leading wheat cultivars in the high-yielding wheat fields in the south of Huang-Huai area, were selected as the experimental materials. The effects of different irrigation and phosphorus application on dry matter accumulation, transport and water use efficiency of winter wheat were studied under the field multi-year positioning test conditions. The results showed that, compared with non-phosphorus treatment(P0), P treatment(P1, 150 kg·hm-2) significantly increased dry matter accumulation after anthesis, nitrogen translocation in nutritious organs, grain yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat. Among them, dry matter accumulation after anthesis of Bainong 207 and Yumai 49-198 were increased by 132.9% and 105.9%, respectively. The nitrogen translocation of nutritious organs was increased by 65.3% and 51.2%, and grain yield was increased by 76.9% and 51.89%, respectively. Water use efficiency was increased by 55.1% and 29.2%, respectively. Irrigation increased the nitrogen translocation in nutritious organs after anthesis and nitrogen accumulation in wheat grains, and increased wheat grain yield. Compared with non-irrigation treatment(W0), Bainong 207 under treatments of W1 and W2 increased nitrogen translocation in nutritious organs by 14.1% and 17.7%, and increased grain yield by 15.3% and 28.8%, respectively. As for Yumai 49-198, W1 and W2 increased nitrogen translocation in nutritious organs by 40.1% and 58.9%, and grain yield was increased by 22.8% and 16.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, interaction of irrigation and phosphorus was also found in grain yield in both cultivars. Bainong 207 obtained the largest grain yield under W2P1, while Yumai 49-198 obtained the maximum yield under W1P1, which were 116.3% and 69.1% higher than that under W0P0, respectively. Taking a comprehensive consideration, application of 150 kg·hm-2 phosphorus combined with irrigation for 1 or 2 times during wheat growth season can improve both grain yield and water use efficiency of wheat. |