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作者	单位
孙远东，朱昊华，吕超，张新忠，郭宝健，王菲菲，许如根	（1.江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/植物功能基因组学教育部重点实验室/江苏省作物基因组学和分子育种重点实验室，扬州大学农学院，江苏扬州 225009；2.江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心，扬州大学，江苏扬州 225009)

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中文摘要:

为研究不同环境下大麦单株产量性状的杂种优势及其稳定性，以113个（Nasonijo×泰兴9425）DH系配制226个杂交种构建的永久F₂群体及亲本为材料，分别调查参试材料在4个环境下的单株穗数、主穗粒数、千粒重、单株产量和单株生物量，利用方差分析、聚类分析及稳定性分析对大麦单株产量性状的杂种优势及其稳定性进行了分析。结果表明，大麦杂种F₁各被测性状大多表现中亲优势，超亲优势组合出现率相对较低。各被测性状的杂种优势不仅受自身遗传因素影响，而且受试点生态条件及年度气候条件的影响。杂种优势的稳定性因性状不同而异，千粒重和主穗粒数杂种优势的稳定性较好，单株生物量和单株产量杂种优势的稳定性较差，仅有2个组合在多环境下表现出稳定的强杂种优势。

英文摘要:

For understanding the stability of heterosis for barley yield characters, a set of 113 doubled haploid(DH) lines derived from a cross(Nasonijo×Taixing 9425) was used to construct an ‘immortalized F₂’(IF₂) population. In this study, five yield component traits including spikes per plant(SP), spikelets per panicle(SPP), thousand-grain weight(KW), kernel weight per plant(KWP) and dry matter weight per plant(DWP) were investigated by using ANOVA, cluster and stability analyses in three years underfour environments. The results suggested that these five traits of most F₁ generations showed mid-parents heterosis, but fewer super-parent heterosis. The heterosis in yield characters were significantly influenced by genetic factors and environment factors,such as climate and ecological conditions. The variation of heterosis stability in yield characters among different hybrids was high, and few hybrids showed stable heterosis in all the four environments.Moreover,the stability of heterosis also differed greatly among yield characters, with KW and SPP showing higher stability,and KWP and DWPshowing lower stability. It was found that only two hybrids demonstrated high and stable heterosis in all four environments.

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