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作者	单位
王新天，王卫斌，陈升位，贺军与，朱思德，莫凡，余其，张婷婷，李玉平	（云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院，云南昆明 650201）

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中文摘要:

为了解裸大麦突变体重要种质Ynbs株系的分枝穗特性及其遗传基础，在花后7 d，调查了Ynbs-1突变体及其重组自交系（正常六棱穗）等材料的正、反杂交F₁植株的穗分枝特性，分析了F₂及其F₃群体中正常穗与分枝穗植株的分离状况，检测了穗分枝基因连锁SSR标记和小穗轴短毛标记状况。结果表明，Ynbs-1的分枝穗长度、分枝穗数和分枝穗轴节数平均值分别为1.48±0.09 cm、23.56±1.52个和1.32±0.63个,均极显著高于RIL。Ynbs-1与RIL-1正、反杂交F₁及Ynbs-1(母本)与BDM-8的杂交F₁植株均无分枝。Ynbs-1(母本)与RIL-1和BMD-8的杂交F₂群体的分枝穗与正常穗植株的个体数之比均符合1∶3，纯合分枝穗、杂合正常穗和纯合正常穗的个体数之比均符合1∶2∶1。Ynbs-1的穗分枝基因与3个SSR标记（HVM40_{-190 bp}、Bmag0023_{-110 bp}、Bmag0508A_{-170 bp}）和小穗轴短毛基因均不连锁。Ynbs-1株系的分枝较多，其穗分枝遗传受1对隐性核基因控制，该基因与穗分枝突变体Prbs、F₁₅₁和Foma的均不等位。

英文摘要:

In order to understand the characteristics and the inheritance basis of a branched-spike mutant line(Ynbs),of hulless barley,the spike branching characteristics of Ynbs-1 and its recombinant inbred lines(RIL) with six prismatic spike were investigated at 7 d after flowering,and the segregation of normal panicle and branch panicle of F₂ and F₃ populations was analyzed. The SSR marker and spike axis short hair marker of spike branching gene were detected in F₂ and F₃ populations. The results indicated that the mean value of length,number and rachis node number of the branched-spike Ynbs-1 were 1.48±0.09 cm,23.56±1.52 and 1.32±0.63,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of RIL-1. The plants of F₁ population from the direct and reciprocal crosses between Ynbs-1 and RIL-1,and the cross between Ynbs-1(female parent) and BDM-8,have a common rachis without any branched-spike. The ratio of the number of plants with branched-spike to that of plants with normal spike was in line with 1∶3,and the ratio among the number of homozygous genotype plants with branched-spike,number of heterozygous genotype plants with normal spike and number of homozygous genotype plant with normal spike was consistent to 1∶2∶1,in two F₂ populations from the cross between Ynbs-1(female parent) and RIL-1,and the cross between Ynbs-1(female parent) and BMD-8,respectively. The gene controlling the inheritance of the branched-spike of Ynbs-1 was not linked to three SSR markers(HVM40_{-190 bp},Bmag0023_{-110 bp},and Bmag0508A_{-170 bp}) and the gene controlling the short hairs of small spike rachis,respectively. Ynbs-1 has more branched-spikes,and the inheritance of its branched-spike is controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear genes,which are not alleles to that controlling the inheritance of branched-spike of the mutants,Prbs,F₁₅₁ and Foma,respectively.

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