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作者	单位
陈晓东，季昌好，赵斌，朱斌，王瑞	(安徽省农业科学院作物研究所/安徽省农作物品质改良重点实验室，安徽合肥 230031）

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中文摘要:

为了解我国不同大麦品种（系）产量相关性状的杂种优势及配合力，以我国不同产区的17份大麦品种（系）及其按NCⅡ设计配制的72个杂交F₁为材料，考察其两年度株高、穗下节间长、穗长、单株穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、单株粒重等产量相关性状的表现，分析各性状的杂交优势与配合力。结果表明，株高正向中亲优势（MPH）与超亲优势（HPH）组合比例最高，两年分别为1.00、1.00与0.97、0.95，其次为穗下节间长、穗长及千粒重；穗粒数与单株穗数的MPH与HPH变幅较大，其次是单株粒重与千粒重。株高的一般配合力（GCA）与特殊配合力（SCA）的效应值和变异最大，其次是穗粒数与千粒重,穗下节间长、穗长、单株穗数及单株粒重相对较小。被测性状F₁表型与GCA及SCA均呈显著或极显著正相关。本研究可为我国不同产区大麦品种间的杂交育种及亲本选配提供参考依据。

英文摘要:

Seventeen representative barley cultivars(lines) were chosen from different barley production areas in China and crossed according to NCⅡ panel to form 72 F₁ hybrids to analyze the heterosis and combining ability performance for seven agronomic traits. The study was conducted through two growing seasons to investigate the traits including plant height(PH),internode length below spike(ILBS),spike length(SL),number of spike per plant(NSP),grain number per spike(GNPS),thousand kernel weight(TKW) and grain weight per plant(GWP). The results showed PH ranked first among traits for the positive combination ratios of mid-parent heterosis(MPH) and high-parent heterosis(HPH) with the values of 1.00 and 1.00,0.97 and 0.95,respectively through the two growing seasons,followed by ILBS,SL and TKW. Both MPH and HPH varied more obviously in GNPS and NSP,followed by GWP and TKW. As to the value and variation in general combining ability(GCA) and special combining ability(SCA),the most obvious variation was in PH,followed by GNPS and TKW,while relatively little changes were in ILBS,SL,NSP and GWP.F₁ performance was significantly positive with GCA and SCA for most of the traits.This study provides a theoretical basis for parent matching in barley breeding programmes.

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