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作者	单位
衡亚蓉，李晓，贺利，吴亚鹏，周宜，朱云集，郭天财，冯伟	(1.河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心，河南郑州 450045；2.河南农业大学生命科学学院，河南郑州 450002)

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中文摘要:

为了利用叶绿素荧光快速测定技术实时评价植株光合生产能力以及预测小麦籽粒产量，以豫麦49-198和郑麦9694为试验材料，设置0、90、180、270 kg·hm^-24个氮素水平，通过2014-2016年连续两个生长季的田间试验，在小麦主要生育阶段同步测定植株顶部四片完全展开叶的净光合速率（P_n）、叶绿素荧光参数及叶面积。结果表明，P_n和叶绿素荧光参数因生育时期、氮素水平和叶片位置的不同呈现规律性变化。叶绿素荧光参数F_m′、F_v′、F_v′/F_m′ 和 F_s与P_n 相关性较好，且相关系数（r）均随叶位的降低而降低，其中，F_m′与P_n的相关性最好。将叶面积与对应的净光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数组合出光合性状累积量指标，与P_n 相比，光合累积量与产量的相关性显著提高。组合顶部四片叶，光合累积量与产量相关性在灌浆前期表现最好（r=0.875）。光适应下荧光参数累积量与产量的相关性表明，顶部两片叶的相关性较单叶片或其他叶位组合均表现较好，相关系数在不同荧光参数、生育时期间差异均较大，以F_m′表现最好，其次是F_v′；生育期间比较，孕穗期至灌浆中期整体较好。总体而言，在灌浆前期，顶部两片叶的F_m′累积量能够较好地预测小麦籽粒产量，为小麦生长诊断和田间管理提供技术支持。

英文摘要:

In order to evaluate photosynthetic capacity and predict grain yield in real time by using chlorophyll fluorescence technology in winter wheat, two wheat varities Yumai 49-198 and Zhengmai 9694 were used to conduct field experiment in 2014-2016 growing seasons, with four nitrogen application rates(0，90，180 and 270 kg·hm^-2). Net photosynthetic rate(P_n), chlorophyll fluorescence(ChlF) parameters and leaf area of the top four fully expanded leaves were measured simultaneously throughout growth. P_n and ChlF parameters varied significantly according to leaf position, growth stage and N level.Four light-adapted ChlF parameters(F_m′,F_v′,F_v′/F_m′ and F_s) showed well correlations with P_n, and correlation coefficient(r) decreased with the decreased leaf position with F_m′ performing the best. Subsequently, the P_n and ChlF parameters, combining with leaf area, generated the P_n and ChlF accumulation. The value of r between P_n accumulation and yield showed larger improvement compared to P_n. For the combination of the four upper leaves, P_n accumulation showed the best correlation with yield at initial-filling stage(r=0.875). The correlations of light-adapted ChlF parameters and yield at different leaf layers showed that the top two leaves performed better compared to single leaf or other combined leaf layers，and r value differs among different growth stages and ChlF parameters. F_m′ accumulation of L12 performed the best with yield,followed by F_v′ accumulation. In terms of growth stages, strongest correlations were observed during vigorous growth, from booting to initial-filling. Overall, the F_m′ accumulation of the top two leaves could predict grain yield with higher accuracy at initial-filling stage, providing technical support for growth diagnosis and field management for winter wheat.

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