| 王昌秀，吴复学，石 玉，赵俊晔,于振文.测墒补灌条件下施氮量对小麦叶绿素荧光特性及产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2017,(8):1072 |
| 测墒补灌条件下施氮量对小麦叶绿素荧光特性及产量的影响 |
| Effect of Nitrogen Application Rate on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics and Yield in Wheat under Supplemental Irrigation Based on Measuring Soil Moisture |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2017.08.10 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 施氮量 叶绿素荧光特性 籽粒产量 氮肥农学效率 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Nitrogen fertilizer Chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics Grain yield Nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency |
| 基金项目:农业部现代小麦产业技术体系项目（CARS-3-1-19）；国家自然科学基金项目（31401334，31601243） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨黄淮冬麦区小麦测墒补灌条件下氮肥的适宜施用量，在田间测墒补灌条件下，以小麦品种济麦22为试验材料，设置每公顷0 kg（N0）、150 kg（N1）、210 kg（N2）和270 kg（N3）4个施氮量处理，研究测墒补灌条件下施氮水平对小麦开花后叶绿素荧光特性和产量的影响。结果表明,花后7、14、21 d，N2、N3处理的小麦最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）均高于N1和N0处理；花后28、35 d，N2处理高于N3处理。花后7、14、21、28、35 d，N2处理的实际光化学效率（ΦPS II）显著高于其他处理；花后28、35 d，N2处理的叶绿素相对含量显著高于N3和N1处理。灌浆前期，籽粒灌浆速率在N2和N3处理间无显著差异，但均高于N1和N0处理；灌浆中后期N2处理的灌浆速率最高。N2处理的籽粒产量和氮肥农学效率均最高，与N3、N1和N0处理相比，N2处理分别增产6.29%、13.15%和25.79%。综合考虑籽粒产量、氮肥农学效率和荧光特性，在本试验条件下210 kg·hm-2施氮量的效果最佳。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to provide theoretical basis for rational application of nitrogen fertilizer under the water-saving cultivation conditions of winter wheat in Huang Huai area,using wheat Jimai 22 as the test material,four nitrogen treatments were set at 0 (N0),150 (N1),210 (N2) and 270 (N3) kg·hm-2 levels under supplemental irrigation based on measuring soil moisture to study the effects of nitrogen application levels on the yield and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of wheat after flowering in the field. The results showed that: at 7,14,and 21days after anthesis of wheat,the maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) in flag leaves of N2 and N3 were significantly higher than that of N1 and N0; at 28,and 35 days after anthesis,the maximal photochemical efficiency of N2 was higher than that of N3; at 7,14,21,28,and 35 days after anthesis,the actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPS II) of N2 was significantly higher than that of other treatments; the relative chlorophyll content of N2 was significantly higher than that of N3 and N1 at 28,and 35 days after anthesis. At the early grain filling stage,the grain filling rate of N2 and N3 were higher than that of N1 and N0,and no significant difference was found between N2 and N3. The grain filling rate of N2 was the highest at the middle and late grain filling stage. The grain yield and nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency of N2 were the highest. Compared with N3,N1 and N0 treatments,the yield of N2 was improved by 6.29%,13.15% and 25.79%,respectively.Considering the grain yield,nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency and fluorescence characteristics,N2 of 210 kg·hm-2 nitrogen level was the best treatment under the experimental conditions. |
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